Tasa de eventos tromboembólicos después de la artroplastia total de rodilla con ácido tranexámico: una revisión integradora

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i15.37094

Palabras clave:

Rodilla; Artroplastia; Tromboembolismo; Ácido tranexámico.

Resumen

La artroplastia total de rodilla (ATR) es un procedimiento quirúrgico que consiste en sustituir las superficies de carga de la articulación afectada por una prótesis, con el objetivo de aliviar el dolor y corregir las deformidades. Debido al riesgo inherente de tromboembolismo venoso, se utilizan fármacos para su profilaxis. Esta revisión integradora de la literatura tuvo como objetivo analizar las complicaciones involucradas en el uso de ácido tranexámico en pacientes sometidos a artroplastia total de rodilla (ATR), específicamente los eventos tromboembólicos ocurridos. Los estudios se seleccionaron de las bases de datos electrónicas PubMed, SciELO, Medline y Thieme. Se incluyeron once ensayos controlados aleatorios. El número total de pacientes incluidos en los estudios fue de 1.299 que se sometieron a ATR. En total se registraron siete eventos tromboembólicos, ocurriendo así en el 0,5% de los casos analizados. Así, queda demostrada la seguridad del uso del ácido tranexámico, de forma que el 99,5% de los pacientes no presentaron eventos tromboembólicos, siendo prácticamente irrelevante el índice relativo a los casos positivos. Por lo tanto, se concluye que el fármaco es seguro y eficaz para ser utilizado en este procedimiento quirúrgico, con el fin de minimizar el sangrado, resultando raramente en eventos tromboembólicos.

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Publicado

13/11/2022

Cómo citar

ALVES, R. R. G.; EUSTÁQUIO, J. M. J.; GOMES, S. M. P.; MORAIS, M. L. O.; MORAIS, J. C. O.; SACARDO, A. V.; PARREIRA, E. R. Tasa de eventos tromboembólicos después de la artroplastia total de rodilla con ácido tranexámico: una revisión integradora. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 15, p. e160111537094, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i15.37094. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/37094. Acesso em: 30 jun. 2024.

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