Estimulación eléctrica funcional en la rehabilitación del miembro superior después de un accidente cerebrovascular: revisión sistemática

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.3856

Palabras clave:

Terapia por Estimulación Eléctrica; Accidente Cerebrovascular; Rehabilitación; Extremidad Superior

Resumen

Una serie de recursos fisioterapéuticos se utilizan en la rehabilitación de la extremidad superior de los pacientes después del accidente cerebrovascular, entre ellos, se destaca la implementación de la estimulación eléctrica funcional. El propósito del presente estudio fue evaluar los efectos de la estimulación eléctrica funcional en la rehabilitación fisioterapéutica de la extremidad superior de los pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos aleatorios en las bases de datos Science Direct, MEDLINE y PEDro. La calidad metodológica de los estudios se evaluó mediante la escala de la Base de datos de evidencia de fisioterapia (PEDro). Los resultados encontrados mostraron que la estimulación eléctrica funcional es efectiva para mejorar la función motora y disminuir el tono, especialmente en las articulaciones de la muñeca y la mano. Además, se puede usar para prevenir el dolor y la subluxación del hombro y también cuando se asocia con el movimiento voluntario o la intención del paciente, aumenta la participación en actividades de la vida diaria y mejora la calidad de vida. La relevancia de revelar estos hallazgos radica en el hecho de que informa la importancia del uso de la estimulación eléctrica funcional en la rehabilitación de pacientes post accidente cerebrovascular realizada por el fisioterapeuta.

Biografía del autor/a

Andréia Caroline Fernandes Salgueiro, Universidade Federal do Pampa

Pós-doutoranda em Educação em Ciências, onde investiga o uso de Metodologias Ativas e Tecnologias Digitais no Ensino. Doutora em Bioquímica (2017) com tese defendida na linha de investigação etnofarmacológica e avaliação dos efeitos de plantas medicinais em modelos experimentais de Diabetes mellitus. Bacharel em Fisioterapia (2011) pela Universidade Federal do Pampa. Foi docente temporária do Curso de Fisioterapia da UNIPAMPA (2017-2019). É pesquisadora do Grupo de Estudos em Nutrição, Saúde e Qualidade de Vida (GENSQ). Atualmente, é docente colaboradora do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação em Ciências, Química da Vida e Saúde (UNIPAMPA), onde orienta na linha de pesquisa Educação Científica: Processos de Ensino e Aprendizagem na Escola, Universidade e Laboratório.

Maurício Tatsch Ximenes Carvalho, Centro Universitário da Região da Campanha

Fisioterapeuta pela Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) e Mestre em Reabilitação Funcional (UFSM). Docente no curso de Fisioterapia do Centro Universitário da Região da Campanha (Campus Bagé). Foi professor temporário na Universidade Federal do Pampa (Campus Uruguaiana). Tem experiência na área de fisioterapia e em docência no ensino superior, atuando principalmente nos seguintes temas: mobilização precoce do paciente em ventilação mecânica, avaliação muscular através da ultrassonografia e recursos eletrotermofototerapêuticos.

Citas

Ambrosini, E., Ferrante, S., Pedrocchi, A., Ferrigno, G., & Molteni, F. (2011). Cycling induced by electrical stimulation improves motor recovery in postacute hemiparetic patients: a randomized controlled trial. Stroke, 42(4), 1068-1073.

Benjamin, E. J., Blaha, M. J., Chiuve, S. E., Cushman, M., Das, S. R., Deo, R., ... & Jiménez, M. C. (2017). Heart disease and stroke statistics-2017 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation, 135(10), e146-e603.

Chen, C. M., Tsai, C. C., Chung, C. Y., Chen, C. L., Wu, K. P., & Chen, H. C. (2015). Potential predictors for health-related quality of life in stroke patients undergoing inpatient rehabilitation. Health and quality of life outcomes, 13, 118.

Cui, B. J., Wang, D. Q., Qiu, J. Q., Huang, L. G., Zeng, F. S., Zhang, Q., ... & Sun, Q. S. (2015). Effects of a 12-hour neuromuscular electrical stimulation treatment program on the recovery of upper extremity function in sub-acute stroke patients: a randomized controlled pilot trial. Journal of physical therapy science, 27(7), 2327-2331.

Bolton, D. A., Cauraugh, J. H., & Hausenblas, H. A. (2004). Electromyogram-triggered neuromuscular stimulation and stroke motor recovery of arm/hand functions: a meta-analysis. Journal of the neurological sciences, 223(2), 121-127.

Demir, Y., Alaca, R., Yazicioğlu, K., Yaşar, E., & Tan, A. K. (2018). The Effect of Functional Electrical Stimulation on Stroke Recovery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Sciences/Fiziksel Tup ve Rehabilitasyon Bilimleri Dergisi, 21(2).

Gil, A. C. (2008). Métodos e técnicas de pesquisa social. 6. ed. Editora Atlas SA.

Hara, Y., Ogawa, S., & Muraoka, Y. (2006). Hybrid power-assisted functional electrical stimulation to improve hemiparetic upper-extremity function. American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation, 85(12), 977-985.

Hatem, S. M., Saussez, G., della Faille, M., Prist, V., Zhang, X., Dispa, D., & Bleyenheuft, Y. (2016). Rehabilitation of motor function after stroke: a multiple systematic review focused on techniques to stimulate upper extremity recovery. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 10, 442.

Hayward, K. S., & Brauer, S. G. (2015). Dose of arm activity training during acute and subacute rehabilitation post stroke: a systematic review of the literature. Clinical rehabilitation, 29(12), 1234-1243.

Howlett, O. A., Lannin, N. A., Ada, L., & McKinstry, C. (2015). Functional electrical stimulation improves activity after stroke: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 96(5), 934-943.

Hu, X. L., Tong, R. K. Y., Ho, N. S., Xue, J. J., Rong, W., & Li, L. S. (2015). Wrist rehabilitation assisted by an electromyography-driven neuromuscular electrical stimulation robot after stroke. Neurorehabilitation and neural repair, 29(8), 767-776.

Hughes, A. M., Freeman, C. T., Burridge, J. H., Chappell, P. H., Lewin, P. L., & Rogers, E. (2010). Shoulder and elbow muscle activity during fully supported trajectory tracking in people who have had a stroke. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 20(3), 465-476.

Hughes, A. M., Burridge, J. H., Demain, S. H., Ellis-Hill, C., Meagher, C., Tedesco-Triccas, L., ... & Swain, I. (2014). Translation of evidence-based assistive technologies into stroke rehabilitation: users’ perceptions of the barriers and opportunities. BMC health services research, 14(1), 124.

Hsu, S. S., Hu, M. H., Wang, Y. H., Yip, P. K., Chiu, J. W., & Hsieh, C. L. (2010). Dose-response relation between neuromuscular electrical stimulation and upper-extremity function in patients with stroke. Stroke, 41(4), 821-824.

Jang, Y. Y., Kim, T. H., & Lee, B. H. (2016). Effects of brain–computer interface‐controlled functional electrical stimulation training on shoulder subluxation for patients with stroke: a randomized controlled trial. Occupational therapy international, 23(2), 175-185.

Jeon, S., Kim, Y., Jung, K., & Chung, Y. (2017). The effects of electromyography-triggered electrical stimulation on shoulder subluxation, muscle activation, pain, and function in persons with stroke: A pilot study. NeuroRehabilitation, 40(1), 69-75.

Kim, T., Kim, S., & Lee, B. (2016). Effects of action observational training plus brain–computer interface‐based functional electrical stimulation on paretic arm motor recovery in patient with stroke: a randomized controlled trial. Occupational therapy international, 23(1), 39-47.

Knutson, J. S., Hisel, T. Z., Harley, M. Y., & Chae, J. (2009). A novel functional electrical stimulation treatment for recovery of hand function in hemiplegia: 12-week pilot study. Neurorehabilitation and neural repair, 23(1), 17-25.

Lee, Y. Y., Lin, K. C., Cheng, H. J., Wu, C. Y., Hsieh, Y. W., & Chen, C. K. (2015). Effects of combining robot-assisted therapy with neuromuscular electrical stimulation on motor impairment, motor and daily function, and quality of life in patients with chronic stroke: a double-blinded randomized controlled trial. Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 12(1), 96.

Lin, Z., & Yan, T. (2011). Long-term effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation for promoting motor recovery of the upper extremity after stroke. Journal of rehabilitation medicine, 43(6), 506-510.

Linde, K., & Willich, S. N. (2003). How objective are systematic reviews? Differences between reviews on complementary medicine. Journal of the royal society of medicine, 96(1), 17-22.

Lima, M. O., Lima, F. P. S., Freitas, S. T. T., Ribeiro, S. R., Tortoza, C., Lucareli, J. G., ... & Martins, R. L. (2008). Efecto de la estimulación eléctrica neuromuscular y de los ejercicios isotónicos en los músculos flexores y extensores de la rodilla en pacientes hemipléjicos. Revista de Neurología, 46(3), 135-8.

Malešević, N. M., Maneski, L. Z. P., Ilić, V., Jorgovanović, N., Bijelić, G., Keller, T., & Popović, D. B. (2012). A multi-pad electrode based functional electrical stimulation system for restoration of grasp. Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 9(1), 66.

McHugh, G., Swain, I. D., & Jenkinson, D. (2014). Treatment components for upper limb rehabilitation after stroke: a survey of UK national practice. Disability and rehabilitation, 36(11), 925-931.

Maher, C. G., Sherrington, C., Herbert, R. D., Moseley, A. M., & Elkins, M. (2003). Reliability of the PEDro scale for rating quality of randomized controlled trials. Physical therapy, 83(8), 713-721.

Marquez-Chin, C., Bagher, S., Zivanovic, V., & Popovic, M. R. (2017). Functional electrical stimulation therapy for severe hemiplegia: Randomized control trial revisited: La simulation électrique fonctionnelle pour le traitement d’une hémiplégie sévère: un essai clinique aléatoire revisité. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 84(2), 87-97.

Meilink, A., Hemmen, B., Seelen, H. A. M., & Kwakkel, G. (2008). Impact of EMG-triggered neuromuscular stimulation of the wrist and finger extensors of the paretic hand after stroke: a systematic review of the literature. Clinical rehabilitation, 22(4), 291-305.

Murray, C. J., Vos, T., Lozano, R., Naghavi, M., Flaxman, A. D., Michaud, C., ... & Aboyans, V. (2012). Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. The lancet, 380(9859), 2197-2223.

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), (2019). Acesso em 24 de setembro, em: http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/stroke/stroke.htm.

Pandian, J. D., Gall, S. L., Kate, M. P., Silva, G. S., Akinyemi, R. O., Ovbiagele, B. I., ... & Thrift, A. G. (2018). Prevention of stroke: a global perspective. The Lancet, 392(10154), 1269-1278.

Pollock, A., Farmer, S. E., Brady, M. C., Langhorne, P., Mead, G. E., Mehrholz, J., & van Wijck, F. (2014). Interventions for improving upper limb function after stroke. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 11, CD010820.

Quandt, F., & Hummel, F. C. (2014). The influence of functional electrical stimulation on hand motor recovery in stroke patients: a review. Experimental & translational stroke medicine, 6(1), 9.

Shiwa, S. R., Costa, L. O. P., Moser, A. D. D. L., Aguiar, I. D. C., & Oliveira, L. V. F. D. (2011). PEDro: a base de dados de evidências em fisioterapia. Fisioterapia em Movimento, 24(3), 523-533.

Thrasher, T. A., Zivanovic, V., McIlroy, W., & Popovic, M. R. (2008). Rehabilitation of reaching and grasping function in severe hemiplegic patients using functional electrical stimulation therapy. Neurorehabilitation and neural repair, 22(6), 706-714.

Vafadar, A. K., Côté, J. N., & Archambault, P. S. (2015). Effectiveness of functional electrical stimulation in improving clinical outcomes in the upper arm following stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BioMed research international, 2015.

Van Peppen, R. P., Kwakkel, G., Wood-Dauphinee, S., Hendriks, H. J., Van der Wees, P. J., & Dekker, J. (2004). The impact of physical therapy on functional outcomes after stroke: what's the evidence?. Clinical rehabilitation, 18(8), 833-862.

Yuzer, G. F. N., Dönmez, B. K., & Özgirgin, N. (2017). A randomized controlled study: effectiveness of functional electrical stimulation on wrist and finger flexor spasticity in hemiplegia. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 26(7), 1467-1471.

Karaahmet, O.Z., Eksioglu, E., Gurcay, E., Bora Karsli, P., Tamkan, U., Bal, A., & Cakcı, A. (2014). Hemiplegic shoulder pain: associated factors and rehabilitation outcomes of hemiplegic patients with and without shoulder pain. Topics in stroke rehabilitation, 21(3), 237-245.

Zheng, Y., Mao, M., Cao, Y., & Lu, X. (2019). Contralaterally controlled functional electrical stimulation improves wrist dorsiflexion and upper limb function in patients with early-phase stroke: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of rehabilitation medicine, 51(2), 103-108.

Publicado

05/05/2020

Cómo citar

LARA, L. V. de; SALGUEIRO, A. C. F.; CARVALHO, M. T. X. Estimulación eléctrica funcional en la rehabilitación del miembro superior después de un accidente cerebrovascular: revisión sistemática. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 9, n. 7, p. e168973856, 2020. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v9i7.3856. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/3856. Acesso em: 17 jul. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud