La relación entre COVID-19 y cambios en el ciclo menstrual en un contexto pandémico: Una revisión sistemática de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i17.39145Palabras clave:
Ciclo menstrual; Covid-19; SARS-CoV-2; Revisión sistemática.Resumen
Desde que se decretó en diciembre de 2019, la pandemia de la COVID-19 ha tomado proporciones enormes. En este contexto en el que todos los aspectos de la vida humana se han visto afectados, es importante, en el ámbito de la salud de la mujer, comprender los impactos del COVID-19 en el ciclo menstrual, dada su importancia en la vida de las mujeres. El objetivo de este trabajo fue buscar estudios capaces de describir los cambios en el ciclo menstrual observados a causa del COVID-19 y la fisiopatología que se vincula a estos cambios, así como sus consecuencias. Un ciclo menstrual normal es un indicador de buena salud, mientras que las alteraciones en el ciclo menstrual pueden indicar condiciones subyacentes.Diferentes tipos de células que se encuentran en las gónadas muestran expresión de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina 2 (ACE2) y el subtipo 2 de serina proteasa transmembrana (TMPRSS2), que proporcionan vías de entrada clave para el virus SARS-CoV-2 en la célula. Además, los efectos biológicos sistémicos de la infección por COVID-19 pueden influir en el eje hipotálamo-pituitario-suprarrenal, aumentando el estrés y, en consecuencia, el cortisol, ejerciendo un efecto global sobre el funcionamiento del organismo. A revisão sistemática demonstrou que a COVID-19 influencia, de maneira reversível, no aumento ou diminuição na duração do ciclo, irregularidade menstrual, aumento do fluxo menstrual, escapes intermenstruais e sintomas mais intensos no período pré-menstrual, como dor abdominal e aumento da tensión premenstrual. Además, el impacto de la pandemia en la salud mental y el comportamiento sexual puede afectar la reproducción humana, por lo que la pandemia se asoció con una disminución de la satisfacción sexual, una menor libido y una menor frecuencia sexual.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Mariana Ortolan Thiesen; Talita Yurie Nakata; Fabiana de Sousa Filgueira; Giovana Quitério Brunet; Juliana Luguera Copin Tenório ; Melinne Barros Cavalcante Cortez; Laura Maria Bernice Torres; Tatiana Megale de Lima
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