Impactos de la pandemia de COVID-19 en los hábitos de vida, la salud mental y las estratégias de afrontamiento em uma subpoblación de adolescentes brasileños
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i5.41762Palabras clave:
COVID-19; Adolescentes; Salud mental; Ansiedad; Depresión; Estrés; Afrontamiento.Resumen
La pandemia de la COVID-19 afectó sin precedentes varios aspectos de la vida de las personas, incluida su salud mental. Dado que la adolescencia confiere vulnerabilidad a los problemas de salud mental, este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la vida cotidiana, la salud mental y las estrategias de afrontamiento adoptadas por adolescentes brasileños y verificar la correlación entre estas mediciones. El estudio evaluó 215 adolescentes de una escuela media y secundaria, mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario para verificar el impacto de la pandemia en la vida cotidiana (actividades académicas, interacción familiar/social y salud física/mental), la escala Depression, Anxiety and Stress - Short Form (DASS-21) y el Coping Response Inventory – Youth Form (CRI-Y). Los resultados mostraron que la pandemia afectó la interacción familiar/social y aspectos de la salud física/mental entre las adolescentes. Los niveles de depresión, ansiedad y estrés también fueron más altos. Se observó una interacción significativa entre género y etapa educativa para la estrategia "Aceptación o Resignación", con las niñas puntuando más que los niños. También hubo una correlación significativa entre los síntomas de depresión, ansiedad y estrés y las estrategias de afrontamiento: "Análisis lógico", "Evitación cognitiva", "Aceptación-resignación" y "Descarga emocional". Los resultados sugieren que la pandemia impactó significativamente diferentes aspectos de la vida cotidiana y contribuyó al aumento de los niveles de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en adolescentes, favoreciendo estrategias de afrontamiento inadaptadas. Estos resultados resaltan la necesidad de estrategias de intervención efectivas, direccionadas a lidiar con el estrés, para mitigar los efectos negativos de COVID-19 en la salud mental de los adolescentes.
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