Evaluación in vitro de la actividad antimicrobiana de los aceites esenciales de Mentha piperita y Citrus limon frente a cepas patógenas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i10.43430Palabras clave:
Actividad antimicrobiana; Aceites volátiles; Mentha piperita; Cítricos de limón.Resumen
La alta prevalencia de microorganismos resistentes a los antimicrobianos comúnmente utilizados en la práctica clínica ha impactado los servicios de salud debido a una reducción en las opciones de tratamiento para los pacientes. Así, se llevaron a cabo investigaciones que involucran la actividad antimicrobiana de los aceites esenciales (AE) como posibles alternativas terapéuticas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue revisar la literatura y determinar experimentalmente la actividad antimicrobiana de los AE Mentha piperita y Citrus limon contra los patógenos Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Candida albicans. La búsqueda bibliográfica y selección de artículos científicos se realizó en las bases de datos Pubmed, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud y Scielo, adaptando los indexadores para cada base de datos. Se seleccionaron artículos completos y de acceso abierto publicados entre 2016 y 2022. La actividad antimicrobiana se evaluó a partir de microorganismos de referencia mediante el método de difusión en disco de agar según las metodologías recomendadas por CLSI y BrCAST. La investigación bibliográfica buscó 533 artículos, de los cuales 25 fueron seleccionados para el análisis. La evaluación del AE de M. piperita mostró actividad contra E. coli, S. aureus y C. albicans y el AE de C. limon mostró actividad contra C. albicans. Ninguno de los AE probados mostró actividad contra P. aeruginosa. Los datos de este trabajo resaltan el potencial de estos AE contra patógenos importantes para la salud humana y sugieren la necesidad de nuevos estudios contra otros patógenos emergentes para la salud pública, además de comprender mejor su aplicabilidad como una alternativa natural y segura para el control de infecciones bacterianas. y hongos.
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