Implantes basales y su importancia en la Odontología clínica: Revisión de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i5.45835Palabras clave:
Implantes orales basales; Implantes orales basales corticales; Implantes orales de una pieza.Resumen
Los implantes basales, también conocidos como implantes corticales, tienen una historia que se remonta a mediados del siglo XX. Aunque no son tan conocidos ni se utilizan tanto como los implantes dentales convencionales, en los últimos años han ido ganando relevancia en odontología debido a su eficacia en situaciones clínicas específicas. Objetivo: evaluar la eficacia clínica, analizar sus indicaciones y contraindicaciones, examinar las complicaciones y las tasas de fracaso. Método: la investigación se estructuró a partir de un árbol de búsqueda (PubMed, Google Scholar, Dialnet, Scopus), con palabras clave como: Implante Basal. Los idiomas: Inglés, portugués y español se utilizaron como limitadores; artículos de acceso abierto, revisiones sistemáticas, meta-análisis, ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, informes de casos. Se estableció una selección secundaria basada en el título y resumen de los artículos según el objetivo del estudio. Resultados: La búsqueda inicial mostró 3.099 estudios cuyo título estaba relacionado con los patrones de búsqueda, de los cuales 3.029 artículos fueron excluidos en base al título y resumen de los mismos, resultando 70 artículos potencialmente relevantes.Tras la lectura, se excluyeron 21 artículos que no cumplían los criterios de inclusión: Repetidos. De esta forma, se seleccionaron finalmente 49 artículos para llevar a cabo la presente revisión. Conclusiones: Los implantes dentales ofrecen importantes beneficios en cuanto a funcionalidad oral, estética facial, autoestima y salud a largo plazo. Sin embargo, existen consideraciones importantes que abarcan los cuidados postoperatorios, los costes, la cobertura de los seguros y el acceso a estos tratamientos.
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Derechos de autor 2024 María Belén Faréz Suin; Johanna Pamela Galarza Pintado; Milton Fabricio Lafebre Carrasco
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