Ahorro de electricidad mediante Nudges: Una revisión desde la perspectiva de la Captología y la Economía Conductual

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i7.46419

Palabras clave:

Electricidad; Sostenibilidad; Green nudge; Tecnologías de la información.

Resumen

La gestión eficiente de la electricidad supone un reto cada vez mayor tanto para el sector público como para el privado. Conocer los mecanismos disponibles puede frenar considerablemente el consumo innecesario. La teoría del nudge, basada en la economía del comportamiento, pretende moldear positivamente el comportamiento individual mediante la arquitectura de la información, mientras que la captología explora cómo la tecnología puede guiar a los usuarios hacia los comportamientos deseados y la sinergia entre estas ciencias puede generar soluciones. Para ello, este estudio investiga las intervenciones basadas en nudges para reducir el consumo eléctrico utilizando el mapeo sistemático de Kitchenham, Budgen y Brereton (2015). Se consultó Google Scholar de abril a julio de 2023 con ("nudges" OR "green nudges" AND "electricity"). De los 365 artículos identificados, se seleccionaron 17 tras el análisis. La mayoría se publicaron en 2022, siendo Science Direct el que aportó el mayor número. Los estudios revisados abarcan diversos sectores -empresarial, residencial, hotelero, escolar, administrativo y académico-, en su mayoría del sector privado. Las intervenciones que aprovechan la retroalimentación, los incentivos y las normas sociales resultan eficaces para frenar el consumo de electricidad. Tecnologías como los enchufes inteligentes, los contadores inteligentes, los subcontadores y los sistemas basados en Internet ocupan un lugar destacado. En conclusión, aunque algunos estudios exploran las tecnologías emergentes, sigue habiendo una laguna en el análisis exhaustivo de su potencial para impulsar con solidez estrategias de nudging para lograr cambios de comportamiento en el consumo de electricidad.

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Publicado

20/07/2024

Cómo citar

GOMES, V. F. dos S. .; CUNHA, J. A. O. G. da .; BRITO, A. V. de . Ahorro de electricidad mediante Nudges: Una revisión desde la perspectiva de la Captología y la Economía Conductual. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 13, n. 7, p. e10313746419, 2024. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v13i7.46419. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/46419. Acesso em: 25 nov. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias Exactas y de la Tierra