Tendencias actuales en la eficacia y seguridad de Semaglutida en el control glucémico de pacientes diabéticos: Revisión bibliográfica

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i7.46426

Palabras clave:

Diabetes Mellitus; Eficácia; Medicación.

Resumen

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las tendencias actuales en la eficacia y seguridad de la semaglutida en el control glucémico de pacientes diabéticos, buscando fundamentos teóricos en bases de datos como SciELO, LILACS y PubMed. Se seleccionaron 28 artículos en los últimos tres años, siguiendo criterios de inclusión y exclusión definidos, utilizando la metodología PRISMA. Los resultados indicaron que la semaglutida provocó una reducción significativa en los niveles de glucosa sanguínea a corto plazo, con valores de hemoglobina A1c más bajos en comparación con otros tratamientos. La seguridad del fármaco fue ampliamente reconocida, tanto en su forma subcutánea como oral, aunque se informaron con frecuencia efectos secundarios gastrointestinales como náuseas y vómitos. Un aspecto destacado fue la posible reducción de eventos cardiovasculares adversos asociados con el uso de semaglutida en pacientes diabéticos. Esta revisión destaca la semaglutida como una opción terapéutica eficaz y segura para el control glucémico en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2, con beneficios adicionales potenciales en la reducción de complicaciones cardiovasculares.

Citas

Andersen et al. (2021). A pharmacological and clinical overview of oral semaglutide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Drugs, 81(9), 1003-1030.

Araki et al. (2022). Efficacy and safety of once-weekly semaglutide in japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes in the SUSTAIN 1, 2, 5 and 9 trials: post-hoc analysis. Journal of diabetes investigation, 13(12), 1971-1980.

Araki et al. (2021). Efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: a post hoc subgroups analysis of the PIONEER 1,3, 4 and 8 trials. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 23(12), 2785-2794.

Aroda et al. (2020). Impact of baseline characteristics and beta-cell function on the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous once-weekly semaglutide: a patient-level, pooled analysis of the SUSTAIN 1-5 trials. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 22(3), 303-314.

Berra et al. (2022). Real-world effectiveness of subcutaneous semaglutide in type 2 diabetes: a retrospective, cohort study (Sema-MiDiab01). Frontiers in endocrinology, 13, 109945.

Chun & Butts (2020). Long-acting GLP-1RAs: an overview of efficacy, safety and their role in type 2 diabetes management. JAAPA: official journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants, 33, 3-18.

De Souza et al. (2020). Efficacy and safety of semaglutide for type 2 by race and ethnicity: a post hoc analysis of the SUSTAIN trials. J. clin. endocrinol. metab, 105(2).

Diretrizes Da Sociedade Brasileira De Diabetes, 2019-2020. Clanad: editora científica. 2019.

Fonseca K.P., & Rached C.D.A. (2019). Complicações Do Diabetes Mellitus. International Journal of Health Management, 1, 1-13.

Garcia de Lucas et al. (2022). Real-world use of once-weekly semaglutide in type 2 diabetes at an outpatient clinic in Spain. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 13, 995646-995646.

Hussain et al. (2020). Effects of semaglutide on risk of cardiovascular events across a continuum of cardiovascular risk: combined post hoc analysis of the SUSTAIN and PIONEER trials. Cardiovascular diabetology, 19(1), 156.

Janic et al. (2023). Efficacy, safety and patient satisfaction with oral semaglutide: first single-center clinical experience. The Journal of international medical research, 51(11), 3000605231211402.

Kobalava Z. D, & Kokhan E. V. (2020). [Semaglutide for the Management of type 2 Diabetes: Clinical Evidence, Cardioprotective Effects, and Guidelines. Kardiologiia, 60(9), 122-133.

Lingvay et al. (2020). Cardiovascular outcomes, safety and tolerability with oral semaglutide: insights for managed care. Am J Manag Care, 26(16), S344-S355.

Lopes et al. (2023). Gastrointestinal disorders potentially associated with semaglutide: an analysis from the Eudravigilance Database. Expert opinion on drug safety, 22(6), 455-461.

Marzullo et al. (2022). Real-world evaluation of weekly subcutaneous treatment with semaglutide in a cohort of Italian diabetic patients. J Endocrinol Invest, 45(8), 1587-1598.

Meier, J. J. (2021). Efficacy of semaglutide in a subcutaneous and an oral formulation. Frontiers in endocrinology, 12, 645617.

Menzen et al. (2023). Real-world use of once-weekly semaglutide in type 2 diabetes: results from semaglutide real-world evidence (SURE) Germany. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes, 131(4), 205-215.

Ministério Da Saúde (2020). Plano de ações estratégicas para o enfrentamento das doenças crônicas e agravos não transmissíveis no Brasil 2021-2030. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde.

Nascimento, P. S. (2918). A célula Beta Pancreática na Diabetes. 2018. Dissertação (Mestrado Integrado em Medicina) - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal.

Okamoto et al. (2021). Efficacy and safety of semaglutide in glycemic control, body weight management, lipid profiles and other biomarkers among obese type 2 diabetes patients initiated of switched to semaglutide from other GLP-1 receptor agonists. Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders, 20(2), 2121-2128.

Pereira, M. F. V., & Figueiredo, A. M. A. (2017). A importância do diagnóstico da Diabetes Mellitus tipos 1 e 2 na infância. SALUSVITA, 36(2), 601-614, 2017.

Pérez-Belmont. (2022). Efficacy and safety of semaglutide for the management of obese patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic heart failure in real-world clinical practice. Frontiers in endocrinology, 13, 851035.

Pratley et al. (2021). Oral semaglutide reduces HbA(1c) and body weight in patients with type 2 diabetes regardless of background glucose-lowering medication: PIONEER subgroups analyses. Diabetes therapy: research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders, 12(4), 1099-1116.

Rajamand et al. (2021). Real-world use of once-weekly semaglutide in type 2 diabetes: results from the SURE Denmark/Sweden multicentre, prospective, observational study. Primary care diabetes, 15(5), 871-878.

Shu et al. (2022). Gastrointestinal adverse events associated with semaglutide: a pharmacovigilance study based on FDA adverse event reporting system. Frontiers in public health, 10, 996179.

Smits et al. (2021). Safety of semaglutide. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 12, 645563.

Seljas-Amigo et al. (2023). Differences in weight loss and safety between the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: a non-randomized multicenter study from the titration phase. Prim Care Diabetes, 17(4), 366-372.

Seljas-Amigo et al. (2022). Semaglutida versus agonistas GLP-1. Efectividad, seguridad y calidad de vida en pacientes con diabetes mellitus 2. Estudio SEVERAL. Farmacia Hospitalaria, 46(6), 372-379.

Shabutdinova, O. R. et al. (2023). Semaglutide - effectiveness in weight loss and side effects when used according to studies by SUSTAIN, PIONEER, STEP]. Probl Endokrinol (Mosk), 69(3), 68-82.

Souza, A. S., Oliveira, G. S., & Alves, L. H. (2021). A pesquisa bibliográfica: princípios e fundamentos. Cadernos da Fucamp, 20(43).

Wajid et al. (2023). Efficacy and tolerability of semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: experience of a tertiary care hospital, Pakistan. Clinical medicine insights. Endocrinology and diabetes, 16, 11795514231213568.

Wilding, J. P. H., Batterham, R. L., Calanna, S., et al. (2021). Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity. N Engl J Med, 384(11), 989-1002.

Wright et al. (2020). Clinical review of the efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes considered for injectable GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy or currently on insulin therapy. Postgraduate medicine, 132, 26-36.

Yale et al. (2021). Use of once-weekly semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes in routine clinical practice: results from the SURE Canada multicentre, prospective, observational study. Diabetes Obes Metab, 23(10), 2269-2278.

Yamada et al. (2020). Dose-response, efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide monotherapy in japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (PIONEER 9): a 52-week, phase 2/3a, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 8(5), 377-391.

Yamada et al. (2022). Effectiveness and safety of once-weekly semaglutide in japanese patients with type 2 diabetes in treatment intensification: a retrospective observational single-center study. Diabetes therapy: research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders, 13(10), 1779-1788.

Yamada et al. (2023). Retrospective analysis of the effectiveness of oral semaglutide in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its effect on cardiometabolic parameters in japanese clinical settings. Journal of cardiovascular development and disease, 10(4).

Publicado

22/07/2024

Cómo citar

PEREIRA, A. W. M. .; PEREIRA, J. A.; FERREIRA, S. M. Tendencias actuales en la eficacia y seguridad de Semaglutida en el control glucémico de pacientes diabéticos: Revisión bibliográfica. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 13, n. 7, p. e11013746426, 2024. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v13i7.46426. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/46426. Acesso em: 25 nov. 2024.

Número

Sección

Revisiones