Ticagrelor en el tratamiento del síndrome coronario agudo: Una revisión integradora
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i8.46579Palabras clave:
Síndrome coronario agudo; Infarto de miocardio; Ticagrelor.Resumen
Introducción: el síndrome coronario agudo (SCA) representa un espectro de afecciones cardiovasculares agudas que abarca el infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM) y la angina inestable (UA). Esta emergencia médica se caracteriza por la interrupción del flujo sanguíneo al músculo cardíaco, como resultado de una obstrucción parcial o completa de la arteria coronaria. Ticagrelor es un agente antiplaquetario inhibidor de P2Y12 que destaca por su potencia y eficacia para reducir los eventos cardiovasculares en pacientes con SCA. Objetivos - Este estudio tiene como objetivo recopilar y evaluar la evidencia actual, destacando la efectividad y/o superioridad de Ticagrelor en relación con otros enfoques terapéuticos. Métodos - Se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura especializada, siguiendo etapas de identificación de objetivos, protocolo de planificación y estrategias de búsqueda en las plataformas EMBASE, Cochrane y MEDLINE. Se incluyeron estudios que abordaron el tratamiento farmacológico del SCA, centrándose en el uso de Ticagrelor como principal recurso terapéutico frente a otros inhibidores del P2Y12. Después de la selección y extracción de datos, se analizaron 9 estudios. Resultados - Los estudios que comparan Ticagrelor con Clopidogrel o Prasugrel en pacientes con SCA muestran resultados similares en los resultados principales, lo que indica equivalencia entre estos medicamentos. Sin embargo, los matices en los resultados secundarios revelan que ticagrelor supera al clopidogrel en la reducción de la trombosis del stent y la muerte cardiovascular, pero conlleva un mayor riesgo de hemorragia, especialmente en pacientes de edad avanzada. Conclusión: Ticagrelor tiene una eficacia similar a Clopidogrel y Prasugrel en resultados cardiovasculares cruciales. Sin embargo, su análisis en profundidad revela un riesgo considerable de hemorragia, especialmente en pacientes de edad avanzada.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Sophia Kelly Abreu de Castro; Dayson de Assis Pereira ; Eric Azara Oliveira ; Léo Pedro Rufino ; Lucas Ribeiro Bubula
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