Recubrimientos poliméricos en la conservación poscosecha de frutas: Una revisión sistemática integradora

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v14i5.48872

Palabras clave:

Películas poliméricas; Biopolímeros; Biodegradabilidad; Frutas; Quitosano.

Resumen

El uso de recubrimientos poliméricos para la conservación postcosecha de frutas ha ganado cada vez mayor relevancia como una alternativa sustentable y eficiente para alargar la vida útil de productos frescos. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar y sintetizar la evidencia disponible sobre los recubrimientos poliméricos aplicados en la conservación de frutas. Este estudio presenta una revisión sistemática integradora que evalúa el impacto de diferentes materiales poliméricos, naturales y sintéticos, en frutas como fresas, guayabas y tomates cherry. Se analizaron 15 estudios recientes, destacando la aplicación de polímeros como quitosano, pectina, PVA y películas electrohiladas con aceites esenciales. Los resultados indican que los recubrimientos poliméricos reducen significativamente la pérdida de peso, retrasan la maduración y aumentan la protección contra patógenos. La técnica de aplicación, la composición del recubrimiento y las características de la fruta fueron identificados como factores determinantes para la efectividad de los recubrimientos. Además, la adopción de materiales biodegradables refleja el compromiso con soluciones ambientalmente responsables, mientras que innovaciones como la nanoencapsulación de compuestos activos amplían el potencial de conservación. El estudio concluye señalando lagunas en la literatura y sugiriendo nuevos enfoques para optimizar la aplicación de recubrimientos poliméricos en la conservación de frutas.

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Publicado

23/05/2025

Cómo citar

SOARES, I. C. D.; RABELO, E. C.; SOARES, J. M. D. Recubrimientos poliméricos en la conservación poscosecha de frutas: Una revisión sistemática integradora. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 14, n. 5, p. e8514548872, 2025. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v14i5.48872. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/48872. Acesso em: 4 jul. 2025.

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