Evaluación de la calidad de vida, depresión, ansiedad y estrés de los cuidadores de personas con o sin síndrome de Down: un estudio transversal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i8.6193Palabras clave:
Síndrome de Down; Calidad de vida; Depresión; Ansiedad; Cuidadores.Resumen
El acto de cuidar, ser responsable de la supervivencia y la calidad de vida de los demás, representa actividades adicionales que pueden causar cambios socioemocionales en quienes realizan esta función. Objetivo: evaluar la calidad de vida, la depresión, la ansiedad y el estrés de los cuidadores de personas con o sin síndrome de Down. Metodología: 144 cuidadores se dividieron en Grupo de Control (cuidadores de niños típicos) y Grupo de Síndrome de Down (cuidadores de personas con Síndrome de Down). El estudio transversal observacional controlado fue preparado de acuerdo con la Declaración de Helsinki y aprobado por el Comité de Ética Humana. Para lograr los objetivos, se aplicaron cuestionarios validados relacionados con el tema. Los datos se sometieron a la prueba de Chi-cuadrado con Bonferroni post hoc modificado y las pruebas de correlación de Rank o Pearson. Resultados: El Grupo de Síndrome de Down tuvo una calidad de vida más baja relacionada con el dominio psicológico y un dominio ambiental más alto que el Grupo de Control. En los grupos estudiados, la calidad de vida y el ingreso familiar mostraron una correlación positiva (p = 0.02) y no hubo diferencias en la depresión. El Grupo de Control tuvo una mayor tasa de ansiedad y el Grupo de Síndrome de Down tuvo una mayor tasa de síntomas físicos de estrés; correlacionado con el grado de dependencia del paciente con síndrome de Down (p = 0.04). Conclusión: El ingreso familiar es un factor importante para una mejor calidad de vida, los síntomas del estrés físico reducen la calidad de vida en el dominio psicológico y los síntomas del estrés físico de los cuidadores se correlacionan con un mayor grado de dependencia de los pacientes con síndrome de Down.
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Derechos de autor 2020 Marina Fuzette Amaral, Karina Helga Turcio de Carvalho, Alessandra Marcondes Aranega, Caio Vinicius Lourenço Debortoli, Gabriela Baesteiro Baldessim, Vitor Hugo Gonçalves Sampaio, Daniela Atili Brandini
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