Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares na tolerância a seca: resposta no metabolismo antioxidante de Ocimum basilicum L.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i12.11016Palavras-chave:
Plantas medicinas; Mudanças no metabolismo; Antioxidantes.Resumo
O manjericão apresenta grande importância devido ao alto teor de substâncias bioativas presentes nas folhas, amplamente utilizada na medicina tradicional e na indústria farmacêutica. No entanto, como na maioria das plantas, mudanças fisiológicas e bioquímicas ocorrem em plantas de manjericão submetidas à seca. A fim de minimizar essas mudanças fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMAs) tem sido utilizado. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o crescimento e a resposta antioxidante de plantas de manjericão sob déficit hídrico e inoculados com Clarideoglomus etunicatum. O estudo foi feito em câmera de crescimento em plantas de manjericão inoculadas com FMAs e submetidas à seca após 30 dias após o transplante. Mudas inoculadas com FMA mostraram uma taxa de colonização de 28,66 e 32,79%. Plantas sem a inoculação e submetidas à seca apresentaram redução significativa no diâmetro do caule, comprimento da parte aérea e raiz e no acúmulo de biomassa da parte aérea e sistema radicular. Com a inoculação, houve uma melhora na resposta fisiológica das plantas sob estresse hídrico, referente a concentração de clorofila e o teor relativo de água. Grandes quantidades de prolina se acumularam nas folhas inoculadas e sob estresse, o que mostra o papel benéfico desse osmolitos em manjericão submetido à seca. As enzimas antioxidantes CAT e APX apresentaram maior atividade nas plantas expostas à seca e inoculadas com FMAs, o que reduziu o dano da membrana plasmática. A inoculação com FMAs em manjericão regulou positivamente a síntese de osmolitos e o metabolismo antioxidante promovendo tolerância à seca.
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