Cuidados paliativos e Ensino Médico: Revisão sistemática

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11976

Palavras-chave:

Cuidados Paliativos; Competências; Educação Médica; Graduação.

Resumo

Introdução: Cuidados paliativos (CP) estão no quotidiano dos serviços de saúde, face ao aumento da carga das doenças crônicas, do envelhecimento e incorporação tecnológica na saúde. Há consenso sobre a importância do ensino em CP na graduação, entretanto muitas escolas não o praticam. Esta revisão objetivou sintetizar o conhecimento produzido em estudos científicos sobre ensino em CP na graduação em medicina e seu impacto na formação médica. Métodos:  Foi realizada revisão sistemática de estudos publicados no PubMed, com os descritores: “medical education” OR “curriculum”; ”palliative care” AND “clinical competence”. Foram encontrados 89 artigos, excluídos 67 títulos e resumos e 22 artigos foram analisados.  Resultados: A leitura dos artigos deu origem a três categorias temáticas. Na primeira categoria, elenca-se abordagem biopsicossocial e espiritual, cuidado centrado na pessoa e família, comunicação, trabalho interprofissional, e manejo de sintomas como competências essenciais. Na segunda, os desafios e estratégias apontados foram o escasso tempo curricular no ensino em CP, a falta de contexto clínico para o aprendizado reflexivo, o déficit de docentes preparados e a sua ausência formal nos currículos. O impacto do ensino em CP na aprendizagem na graduação refere-se a ser catalisador do desenvolvimento profissional e propiciar competências emocionais aos futuros médicos. Conclusão: Os estudos analisados demonstram benefícios do ensino em CP na formação médica, através de um ensino longitudinal, uma vez que potencializam a aquisição de competências essenciais no exercício da medicina e em especial no trato de pessoas portadoras de doenças ameaçadoras à vida.

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Publicado

25/01/2021

Como Citar

CASTRO, A. A. .; TAQUETTE, S. R. .; PEREIRA, C. A. R. . Cuidados paliativos e Ensino Médico: Revisão sistemática. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 1, p. e50210111976, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11976. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/11976. Acesso em: 17 jul. 2024.

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Ciências Educacionais