Agentes inibidores da fosfodiesterase no tratamento da sepse e choque séptico

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.12269

Palavras-chave:

Terapia Medicamentosa; Inibidores da Fosfodiesterase; Inflamação; Experimentação animal.

Resumo

A sepse é uma síndrome prevalente definida como uma disfunção orgânica com risco de vida causada por uma resposta desregulada do hospedeiro a uma infecção, podendo manifestar-se de diversas formas. A fisiopatologia da síndrome envolve as vias inflamatória e imunológica, sendo que a resposta do sistema circulatório exerce um papel fundamental na isquemia e lesão orgânica. Os fármacos inibidores da fosfodiesterase (iPDE) agem aumentando os níveis dos nucleotídeos cíclicos (AMPc e/ou GMPc). Esses agentes podem causar vários efeitos de acordo com a sua seletividade, entre eles: vasodilatação, aumento do débito cardíaco, diminuição da permeabilidade endotelial, inibição de citocinas pró-inflamatórias, e inibição da coagulação. Diante disso, foi levantado a hipótese de que os iPDE poderiam ser benéficos no tratamento da sepse. Estudos clínicos que utilizaram agentes iPDE no tratamento da sepse demonstram resultados promissores. Modelos animais têm sido utilizados para a investigação dos mecanismos envolvidos na patologia da sepse, bem como novas opções terapêuticas. A enzima fosfodiesterase é classificada em 11 famílias, sendo que as pesquisas são focadas nos fármacos inibidores não seletivos da PDE, iPDE-3, iPDE-4 e iPDE-5. Dois modelos sépticos principais são utilizados: aplicação de lipopolissácarídeo de Escherichia coli e cirurgia de ligadura e punção cecal. Os medicamentos são administrados de forma intraperitoneal ou intravenosa antes os depois da indução de sepse, em diferentes doses. Apesar do grande número de resultados positivos, as diferenças encontradas entre os modelos sépticos evidenciam a necessidade de padronização de métodos para a obtenção de dados confiáveis que possam ser utilizados na pesquisa clínica. 

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31/01/2021

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DELFRATE, G.; FERNANDES, D.; FRANCO, G. C. N. Agentes inibidores da fosfodiesterase no tratamento da sepse e choque séptico . Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 1, p. e56310112269, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i1.12269. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/12269. Acesso em: 18 jul. 2024.

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