A influência do quórum sensing na formação do biofilme por Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i2.12659

Palavras-chave:

Fatores de virulência; Biofilme; Resistência bacteriana a antibióticos; Infecção hospitalar.

Resumo

As bactérias se organizam de forma agregada numa matriz extracelular, chamada biofilme, estrutura que confere proteção a bactéria a ação dos antimicrobianos e a resposta imune do hospedeiro. Assim, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, é classificado como um micro-organismo oportunista, responsável por causar altos números de infecções hospitalares devido a resistência bacteriana desenvolvida por fatores de virulência como o biofilme, controlados por o sistema quorum sensing. Desse modo, o objetivo desse trabalho foi descrever a comunicação das células bacteriana para formação do biofilme por P. aeruginosa, durante o processo de colonização e infecção no hospedeiro. Seguiu-se a metodologia de uma revisão narrativa, com base nos artigos publicados entre os anos de 2000 e 2020, indexados na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), utilizando para busca os descritores: “quorum sensing”, "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "biofilm", "virulence factors", "Flagella", "pili", "bacterial adhesion" "polysaccharide" "adhesins" e "biofilm matrix”. Foram selecionados artigos publicados na íntegra, em inglês, entre os anos de 1990 e 2020. Foram excluídos artigos incompletos, duplicados e trabalhos acadêmicos como teses e dissertações. Evidenciou-se que a resistência bacteriana de P. aeruginosa aos antibióticos está relacionada a sua alta capacidade de adaptação a ambientes hostis e aos mecanismos de resistência desenvolvidos pela espécie, especialmente a formação do biofilme bacteriano pelo sistema quorum sensing a partir da biossíntese de moléculas autoindutoras como: N-3-oxo-dodecanoil homoserina lactona, N-butanoil-homoserina lactona e 2-heptil-3-hidroxi-4-quinolona, responsáveis por mediar a produção dos fatores de virulência. Esta revisão abordou os aspectos gerais que envolve a patogenicidade oriunda da comunicação bacteriana durante o seu processo de colonização.

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18/02/2021

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NEVES , M. L. da R. .; NUNES, L. E.; ROCHA, W. R. V. da .; XIMENES , E. C. P. de A. .; ALBUQUERQUE , M. C. P. de A. A influência do quórum sensing na formação do biofilme por Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 2, p. e33910212659, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i2.12659. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/12659. Acesso em: 25 ago. 2024.

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