COVID-19: Metodologias de diagnóstico

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i5.15114

Palavras-chave:

Coronavírus; Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave; Sorologia; Biologia molecular; Revisão da literatura.

Resumo

Em meados de dezembro de 2019, surgiram os primeiros casos da doença causada pelo novo Coronavírus 2019, o SARS-CoV-2, na cidade de Wuhan (China). A doença causada pelo novo Coronavírus (COVID-19) acomete inicialmente o trato respiratório e seu curso clínico pode acarretar disfunções orgânicas no hospedeiro. Neste ínterim, os exames laboratoriais são ferramentas de diagnóstico de grande importância para a detecção do SARS-CoV-2, confirmação da doença e observação de disfunções sistêmicas. Desta forma, este estudo objetivou revisar as metodologias de diagnóstico do SARS-CoV-2 e alterações nos exames laboratoriais. Trata-se de uma revisão literária realizada entre 01 de janeiro e 31 de maio de 2020 a partir de dados advindos de trabalhos publicados em revistas científicas disponíveis na íntegra. Para tanto, foram utilizadas as bases de dados PubMed, Science Direct e Scielo e os seguintes descritores em inglês: coronavirus, covid-19, sars-cov-2, laboratory medicine, laboratory tests, laboratory findings, RT-PCR, immunochromatography e chemiluminescence.  Foram encontrados 2810 artigos científicos relacionados onde apenas 24 foi considerado para o estudo. O SARS-CoV-2 pode ser detectado em amostras respiratórias através de metodologias de diagnóstico laboratorial como o RT-PCR (Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction) ou através de detecção de anticorpos através dos testes imunocromatográficos, imunosorventes e quimioiluminescentes. Además, podem ser observadas alterações hematológicas relacionadas ao leucograma, coagulação, marcadores hepáticos e renais bem como marcadores inflamatórios.  Em suma, as ferramentas de diagnóstico têm sido cruciais para o acompanhamento do paciente com sintomas da COVID, servindo de apoio aos clínicos na tomada de decisões.

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14/05/2021

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SANTOS-NETO, A. G. dos .; SANTOS, A. de F. .; SANTOS, J. R. dos; ALVES, L. L. .; RAMOS , A. C. S. .; SANTANA, A. A. M.; SANTOS, I. D. D. dos .; GASPAR, L. M. do A. C. . COVID-19: Metodologias de diagnóstico . Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 5, p. e48810515114, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i5.15114. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/15114. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2024.

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v. 10 n. 5

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Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas

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Copyright (c) 2021 Agenor Gomes dos Santos-Neto; Alessandro de França Santos; Jhonata Rodrigues dos Santos; Lumar Lucena Alves; Anne Caroline Santos Ramos ; Adilson Allef Moraes Santana; Izabella Dayane Dorta dos Santos; Lívia Maria do Amorim Costa Gaspar

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