Monitoramento da carga de treinamento na corrida: Aspectos fisiológicos e metodológicos na aplicabilidade prática desta modalidade
Monitoramento da Carga de treinamento na Corrida
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i9.16986Palavras-chave:
Carga de treinamento; Lesões na corrida; Desempenho; Saúde.Resumo
Na corrida, a demanda de ajustes para otimizar os estímulos para a obtenção de melhor desempenho é algo relevante e indispensável. Com isso, a prescrição para o treinamento de corrida, seja esta curta, média e longa distância, deve ser estritamente adequada, assim como todo o processo recuperativo, permitindo assim, melhores adaptações fisiológicas. Para isso, o controle da carga de treinamento é algo imprescindível e além disso, a possibilidade de obter respostas positivas torna-se maior, visto que o indivíduo estará mais preservado de possíveis estresses decorrentes do acúmulo de fadiga. O controle da carga de treinamento é uma ótima ferramenta para treinadores identificar o momento de continuar na aplicação de estímulos, bem como no controle destes perante aos atletas. Com isso, é possível evitar sobrecargas excessivas que podem expor o atleta a um decréscimo do desempenho e até mesmo de uma lesão e, na corrida esta intervenção é de extrema importância. Dentre os tipos de avaliações utilizadas, a utilização do cálculo da percepção subjetiva do esforço da sessão (PSE), a frequência cardíaca (FC), a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) e marcadores bioquímicos (lactato, creatinaquinase e cortisol salivar) são os mais comuns dentre as mensurações da carga de treinamento (ou carga interna). A presente revisão, teve por objetivo, descrever a eficiência destes métodos e respostas que possibilitam a avaliação da carga de treinamento na modalidade da corrida. Diversos estudos demonstraram, através de diferentes ferramentas para tal tipo de análises, a eficiência e sobretudo a importância do procedimento de análise e avaliação da carga de treinamento. Procedimentos indiretos, com por exemplo a PSE e VFC, foram correlacionados por diferentes estudos, com outros indicadores internos de intensidade do exercício, como, por exemplo, o consumo de oxigênio, a frequência cardíaca e a concentração de lactato. No entanto, é necessário a elaboração de mais estudos investigando a carga de treinamento em atletas/praticantes de corridas, para assim, ter maiores informações sobre esta ferramenta de extrema importância para esta modalidade.
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