Salivary protein analysis of street runners after a real sporting event
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i10.18183Palavras-chave:
Proteômica; Espectrometria de Massas; Exercício; Saliva.Resumo
Objetivou-se caracterizar as alterações induzidas pelo exercício físico agudo nas proteínas salivares de corredores de rua. Amostras de saliva de 12 atletas adultos do sexo masculino foram coletadas antes e imediatamente após uma corrida de rua. Dois grupos foram criados com base na distância percorrida, 5 km (n=4) e 10 km (n=8). As amostras foram submetidas às depleções de amilase, albumina e imunoglobulinas G. Em seguida, foram concentradas, digeridas e analisadas com nano-UPLC tandem nano-ESI-MSE. No total 69 proteínas foram identificadas. Observou-se alterações significativas na expressão de 15 proteínas no grupo de 5 km e 13 proteínas no grupo de 10 km. Dentre as proteínas com expressão alterada, apenas 7 já tinham sido descritas na literatura em modelos semelhantes (Alfa Amilase 1, Lactoperoxidase, Actina músculo esquelético alfa, Cistatina-B, Cistatina-SN, Cistatina-SA e Proteína 3B regulada por andrógeno na glândula submaxilar). Este estudo demostrou que a corrida de rua promove alterações agudas no proteoma salivar, os resultados obtidos juntam-se aos poucos dados disponíveis na literatura na busca de compreender melhor os efeitos agudos do exercício.
Referências
Alexandrova, A., Petrov, L., Zaekov, N., Bozhkov, B., & Zsheliaskova-Koynova, Z. (2017). Nutritional status in short-term overtraining boxers. Acta Scientifica Naturalis, 4(1), 76–83. https://doi.org/10.1515/asn-2017-0012
Aslam B., Basit M., Nisar M. A., Khurshid M., & Rasool M. H. (2017). Proteomics: Technologies and Their Applications. Journal of Chromatographic Science, 55(2), 182-196. https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/bmw167
Bongiovanni T., Pintus R., Dessì A., Noto A., Sardo S., Finco G., Corsello G., & Fanos V. (2019). Sportomics: metabolomics applied to sports. The new revolution? European Review for medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 23(24), 11011-11019. https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_201912_19807
Bourdon, P. C., Cardinale, M., Murray, A., Gastin, P., Kellmann, M., Varley, M. C., Gabbett, T. J., Coutts, A. J., Burgess, D. J., Gregson, W., & Cable, N. T. (2017). Monitoring Athlete Training Loads: Consensus Statement. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12(s2), S2-161. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2017-0208
Bradford, M. M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72(1–2), 248–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3
Cadegiani, F. A., & Kater, C. E. (2017). Hormonal aspects of overtraining syndrome: a systematic review. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 9(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-017-0079-8
Dencker, M., Tanha, T., Karlsson, M. K., Wollmer, P., Andersen, L. B., & Thorsson, O. (2017). Cystatin B, cathepsin L and D related to surrogate markers for cardiovascular disease in children. PLOS ONE, 12(11), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187494
Deutsch, O., Fleissig, Y., Zaks, B., Krief, G., Aframian, D. J., & Palmon, A. (2008). An approach to remove alpha amylase for proteomic analysis of low abundance biomarkers in human saliva. ELECTROPHORESIS, 29(20), 4150–4157. https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.200800207
Franco-Martínez, L., González-Hernández, J. M., Horvatić, A., Guillemin, N., Cerón, J. J., Martínez-Subiela, S., Sentandreu, M. Á., Brkljačić, M., Mrljak, V., Tvarijonaviciute, A., & Jiménez Reyes, P. (2020). Differences on salivary proteome at rest and in response to an acute exercise in men and women: A pilot study. Journal of Proteomics, 214, 103629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103629
Garcia, L., Osti, R., Ribeiro, E., & Florindo, A. (2013). Validação de dois questionários para a avaliação da atividade física em adultos. Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde, 18(3), 317–331. https://doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.v.18n3p317
Gonçalves, L. D. R., Campanhon, I. B., Domingues, R. R., Paes Leme, A. F., & Soares da Silva, M. R. (2014). Comparative Salivary Proteome of Hepatitis B- and C-Infected Patients. PLoS ONE, 9(11), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113683
Hespanhol Junior, L. C., Pillay, J. D., van Mechelen, W., & Verhagen, E. (2015). Meta-Analyses of the Effects of Habitual Running on Indices of Health in Physically Inactive Adults. Sports Medicine, 45(10), 1455–1468. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0359-y
Ihalainen, J. K., Schumann, M., Häkkinen, K., & Mero, A. A. (2016). Mucosal immunity and upper respiratory tract symptoms in recreational endurance runners. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 41(1), 96–102. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2015-0242
Koffler, J., Holzinger, D., Sanhueza, G. A., Flechtenmacher, C., Zaoui, K., Lahrmann, B., Grabe, N., Plinkert, P. K., & Hess, J. (2013). Submaxillary gland androgen-regulated protein 3A expression is an unfavorable risk factor for the survival of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients after surgery. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, 270(4), 1493–1500. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-012-2201-6
Koibuichi, E. R. I., & Suzuki, Y. O. S. H. I. O. (2014). Exercise upregulates salivary amylase in humans (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 7(4), 773–777. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2014.1497
Li, C.-Y, Hsu, G.-S, Suzuki, K., Ko, M.-H, & Fang, S.-H. (2015). Salivary Immuno Factors, Cortisol and Testosterone Responses in Athletes of a Competitive 5,000m Race. The Chinese Journal of Physiology, 58(4), 263–269. https://doi.org/10.4077/cjp.2015.bae367
Ligtenberg, A. J. M., Brand, H. S., van den Keijbus, P. A. M., & Veerman, E. C. I. (2015). The effect of physical exercise on salivary secretion of MUC5B, amylase and lysozyme. Archives of Oral Biology, 60(11), 1639–1644. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.07.012
Lindsay, A., & Costello, J. T. (2016). Realising the Potential of Urine and Saliva as Diagnostic Tools in Sport and Exercise Medicine. Sports Medicine, 47(1), 11–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0558-1
Liu, Y., & Yao, J. (2019). Research progress of cystatin SN in cancer. OncoTargets and Therapy, Volume 12, 3411–3419. https://doi.org/10.2147/ott.s194332
Ma, Y., Chen, Y., & Petersen, I. (2017). Expression and epigenetic regulation of cystatin B in lung cancer and colorectal cancer. Pathology - Research and Practice, 213(12), 1568–1574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prp.2017.06.007
Magacz, M., Kędziora, K., Sapa, J., & Krzyściak, W. (2019). The Significance of Lactoperoxidase System in Oral Health: Application and Efficacy in Oral Hygiene Products. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(6), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20061443
Maher, K., Jerič Kokelj, B., Butinar, M., Mikhaylov, G., Manček-Keber, M., Stoka, V., Vasiljeva, O., Turk, B., Grigoryev, S. A., & Kopitar-Jerala, N. š. (2014). A Role for Stefin B (Cystatin B) in Inflammation and Endotoxemia. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 289(46), 31736–31750. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m114.609396
Manconi, B., Liori, B., Cabras, T., Vincenzoni, F., Iavarone, F., Castagnola, M., Messana, I., & Olianas, A. (2017). Salivary Cystatins: Exploring New Post-Translational Modifications and Polymorphisms by Top-Down High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Journal of Proteome Research, 16(11), 4196–4207. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00567
Martinez Amat, A., Marchal Corrales, J. A., Rodriguez Serrano, F., Boulaiz, H., Prados Salazar, J. C., Hita Contreras, F., Caba Perez, O., Carrillo Delgado, E., Martin, I., & Aranega Jimenez, A. (2007). Role of alpha-actin in muscle damage of injured athletes in comparison with traditional markers. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41(7), 442–446. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2006.032730
Martini, D., Gallo, A., Vella, S., Sernissi, F., Cecchettini, A., Luciano, N., Polizzi, E., Conaldi, P. G., Mosca, M., & Baldini, C. (2017). Cystatin S—a candidate biomarker for severity of submandibular gland involvement in Sjögren’s syndrome. Rheumatology, 56(6), 1031–1038. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kew501
Nater, U. M., & Rohleder, N. (2009). Salivary alpha-amylase as a non-invasive biomarker for the sympathetic nervous system: Current state of research. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 34(4), 486–496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.01.014
Ngounou Wetie, A. G., Wormwood, K. L., Russell, S., Ryan, J. P., Darie, C. C., & Woods, A. G. (2015). A Pilot Proteomic Analysis of Salivary Biomarkers in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Autism Research, 8(3), 338–350. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1450
Nieman, D. C., Lila, M. A., & Gillitt, N. D. (2019). Immunometabolism: A Multi-Omics Approach to Interpreting the Influence of Exercise and Diet on the Immune System. Annual Review of Food Science and Technology, 10(1), 341–363. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-032818-121316
Niemelä, M., Kangastupa, P., Niemelä, O., Bloigu, R., & Juvonen, T. (2016). Acute Changes in Inflammatory Biomarker Levels in Recreational Runners Participating in a Marathon or Half-Marathon. Sports Medicine - Open, 2(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-016-0045-0
Palacios, G., Pedro-Chamizo, R., Palacios, N., Maroto-Sánchez, B., Aznar, S., González-Gross, M., & EXERNET Study Group. (2015). Biomarkers of physical activity and exercise. Nutricion Hospitalaria, 31(3), 237–244. https://doi.org/10.3305/nh.2015.31.sup3.8771
Peake, J. M., Neubauer, O., Walsh, N. P., & Simpson, R. J. (2017). Recovery of the immune system after exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology, 122(5), 1077–1087. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00622.2016
Peng, H. T., Savage, E., Vartanian, O., Smith, S., Rhind, S. G., Tenn, C., & Bjamason, S. (2016). Performance Evaluation of a Salivary Amylase Biosensor for Stress Assessment in Military Field Research. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, 30(3), 223–230. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.21840
Pollard, T. D. (2016). What We Know and Do Not Know About Actin. The Actin Cytoskeleton, 235, 331–347. https://doi.org/10.1007/164_2016_44
Powers, S. K., Radak, Z., & Ji, L. L. (2016). Exercise-induced oxidative stress: past, present and future. The Journal of Physiology, 594(18), 5081–5092. https://doi.org/10.1113/jp270646
Prado E., Souza G. H. M. F., Pegurier M., Vieira C., Lima-Neto A. B. M., Assis M., Guedes M. I. F.,
Koblitz M. G. B., Ferreira M. S. L., Macedo A. F., Bottino A., Bassini A., Cameron L. C. (2017). Non-targeted sportomics analyses by mass spectrometry to understand exercise-induced metabolic stress in soccer players. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 418, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2017.02.002
Rohleder, N., & Nater, U. M. (2009). Determinants of salivary α-amylase in humans and methodological considerations. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 34(4), 469–485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.12.004
Sarr, D., Tóth, E., Gingerich, A., & Rada, B. (2018). Antimicrobial actions of dual oxidases and lactoperoxidase. Journal of Microbiology, 56(6), 373–386. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-018-7545-1
Stattin, K., Lind, L., Elmståhl, S., Wolk, A., Lemming, E. W., Melhus, H., Michaëlsson, K., & Byberg, L. (2019). Physical activity is associated with a large number of cardiovascular-specific proteins: Cross-sectional analyses in two independent cohorts. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 26(17), 1865–1873. https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487319868033
Techatanawat, S., Surarit, R., Chairatvit, K., Roytrakul, S., Khovidhunkit, W., Thanakun, S., Izumi, Y., & Khovidhunkit, S.-P. (2019). Salivary and serum cystatin SA levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus or diabetic nephropathy. Archives of Oral Biology, 104, 67–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.05.020
Tékus, É., Váczi, M., Horváth-Szalai, Z., Ludány, A., Kőszegi, T., & Wilhelm, M. (2017). Plasma Actin, Gelsolin and Orosomucoid Levels after Eccentric Exercise. Journal of Human Kinetics, 56(1), 99–108. https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0027
Tong, Y., Tar, M., Melman, A., & Davies, K. (2008). The opiorphin gene (ProL1) and its homologues function in erectile physiology. BJU International, 102(6), 736–740. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410x.2008.07631.x
Tuso, P. (2015). Strategies to Increase Physical Activity. The Permanente Journal, 19(4), 84–88. https://doi.org/10.7812/tpp/14-242
Warburton, D. E. R., & Bredin, S. S. D. (2016). Reflections on Physical Activity and Health: What Should We Recommend? Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 32(4), 495–504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2016.01.024
Whitfield, G. P., Pettee Gabriel, K. K., Rahbar, M. H., & Kohl, H. W. (2014). Application of the American Heart Association/American College of Sports Medicine Adult Preparticipation Screening Checklist to a Nationally Representative Sample of US Adults Aged ≥40 Years From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001 to 2004. Circulation, 129(10), 1113–1120. https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.113.004160
Wisner, A., Dufour, E., Messaoudi, M., Nejdi, A., Marcel, A., Ungeheuer, M.-N., & Rougeot, C. (2006). Human Opiorphin, a natural antinociceptive modulator of opioid-dependent pathways. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103(47), 17979–17984. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0605865103
World Health Organization. (2017). WHO steps surveillance manual. WHO. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/STEPS_Manual.pdf?ua=1
Yamaguchi, M., Deguchi, M., Wakasugi, J., Ono, S., Takai, N., Higashi, T., & Mizuno, Y. (2006). Hand-held monitor of sympathetic nervous system using salivary amylase activity and its validation by driver fatigue assessment. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 21(7), 1007–1014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2005.03.014
Zauber, H., Mosler, S., Heßberg, A., & Schulze, W. X. (2012). Dynamics of salivary proteins and metabolites during extreme endurance sports - a case study. Proteomics, 12(13), 2221–2235. https://doi.org/10.1002/pmic.20110022
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2021 Cícero Matheus Lima Amaral; Iago Almeida da Ponte; Géssica de Souza Martins; Daniel Freire Lima; Abelardo Barbosa Moreira Lima Neto; Ana Cristina Monteiro Moreira; Maria Izabel Florindo Guedes
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
1) Autores mantém os direitos autorais e concedem à revista o direito de primeira publicação, com o trabalho simultaneamente licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite o compartilhamento do trabalho com reconhecimento da autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
2) Autores têm autorização para assumir contratos adicionais separadamente, para distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicada nesta revista (ex.: publicar em repositório institucional ou como capítulo de livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
3) Autores têm permissão e são estimulados a publicar e distribuir seu trabalho online (ex.: em repositórios institucionais ou na sua página pessoal) a qualquer ponto antes ou durante o processo editorial, já que isso pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como aumentar o impacto e a citação do trabalho publicado.
