Exposição a pesticidas e cânceres do sistema digestivo: revisão sistemática e metanálise
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i11.19163Palavras-chave:
Inseticidas; Neoplasias Gastrointestinais; Neoplasias Colorretais; Exposição a Praguicidas; Agroquímicos.Resumo
Os pesticidas são substâncias frequentemente descritas como iniciadores carcinogênicos para algumas neoplasias, como linfo-hematopoiéticas e mamárias. Quanto ao câncer do sistema digestivo, essa relação ainda é pouco explorada e exige maior busca de evidências. Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática com metanálise sobre a associação entre pesticidas e câncer do sistema digestivo na base de dados PUBMED. Dos 567 artigos encontrados, 32 foram aprovados para a análise qualitativa e sete, para a metanálise. Hexaclorobenzeno e DDT estavam significativamente associados ao câncer colorretal (MD: 15.92; CI: 6.45; 25.40) na análise de dados contínuos e apresentaram associação limítrofe na análise de dados binários (OR: 1.17; CI: 0.93; 1.47). A família dos ciclodienos apresentou resultados semelhantes em ambas análises. Os bifenil policlorinados com baixas dosagens também apresentaram associação ao câncer colorretal (MD: 38.95; CI: 12.78; 65.11). Já organofosforados (OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.29; 0.98), carbamatos (OR: 0.96; CI: 0.77; 1.21) e triazinas (OR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.74; 1.13) apresentaram resultados inconclusivos. Esta revisão apresenta evidências positivas da associação de pesticidas ao câncer colorretal. Porém, mais evidências são requeridas para determinar o papel dos pesticidas no desenvolvimento de outros cânceres do sistema digestivo.
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