Lipases bacterianas: impactos na qualidade de produtos lácteos e potencial biotecnológico

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i13.21213

Palavras-chave:

Enzimas lipolíticas; Psicrotróficas; Lipólise.

Resumo

Lipases são enzimas que catalisam a hidrólise de triacilgliceróis, com liberação de ácidos graxos que podem estar associadas com a deterioração de muitos alimentos. Por outro lado, as lipases de origem microbiana apresentam características desejáveis para serem utilizadas em diversas aplicações biotecnológicas e são consideradas biocatalisadores versáteis, atuantes numa variedade de reações químicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, por meio de revisão da literatura, o impacto de lipases bacterianas na qualidade de produtos lácteos e o potencial biotecnológico dessas enzimas. Bactérias psicrotróficas isoladas do leite cru refrigerado, comumente secretam lipases termorresistentes, um problema para a indústria laticinista, pois resistem aos tratamentos térmicos utilizados e permanecem no produto lácteo acabado. Os ácidos graxos liberados durante a lipólise contribuem para o sabor forte, rançoso e de sabão dos produtos lácteos, tornando-os inaceitáveis pelo consumidor. No entanto, quando esta atividade é controlada, as lipases atuam no desenvolvimento de atributos sensoriais desejáveis. Por exemplo, em alguns queijos de maturação prolongada a atividade lipolítica é essencial para o desenvolvimento de sabores característicos. Além disso, as lipases apresentam grande potencial de aplicação biotecnológica, inclusive na degradação de poliuretanos, configurando vantagem para a indústria. Portanto, as lipases podem causar defeitos nos produtos lácteos, mas também são de grande interesse industrial quando sua atividade é explorada.

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Publicado

10/10/2021

Como Citar

SANTOS, C. I. A. dos; SALGADO, C. A.; VANETTI, M. C. D. Lipases bacterianas: impactos na qualidade de produtos lácteos e potencial biotecnológico. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 13, p. e230101321213, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i13.21213. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/21213. Acesso em: 7 jul. 2024.

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Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas