A prevalência de disfagia e alterações na qualidade da deglutição em pacientes infectados pela COVID-19

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i10.32135

Palavras-chave:

Distúrbios da Deglutição; Infecções por Coronavírus; Aspiração respiratória.

Resumo

Introdução: O surgimento da COVID-19 deu origem a pesquisas sobre possíveis consequências na deglutição e na qualidade da deglutição em indivíduos infectados pelo SARS-CoV2. Infecções pulmonares, necessidade de intubação orotraqueal, traqueostomia, sintomas, comorbidades e outros fatores causaram incertezas sobre a interferência desses fatores na função da deglutição e na qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre a prevalência de distúrbios da deglutição e a qualidade de vida de pacientes com possíveis fatores de risco infectados pela COVID-19. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, analítico, transversal, quantitativo. Foi realizado de agosto a setembro de 2020, em um Hospital de Brasília – DF, com pacientes internados por infecção por COVID-19. 90 indivíduos participaram deste estudo; eram adultos e idosos com média de idade de 59,9 ± 16,09. Entre os participantes, 55 eram homens (61,1%) e 35 eram mulheres (38,9%) com histórico de distúrbios da deglutição. Os dados foram coletados por meio da análise dos prontuários dos pacientes, aplicação do Teste EAT-10 e do Quality of Life in Swallowing Disorders (SWAL-QOL) validado para o português brasileiro. Resultados: Considerando os escores obtidos pelo questionário EAT-10, a análise mostrou significância estatística para as variáveis senescência e traqueostomia (p < 0,05). A análise do teste SWAL-QOL foi realizada por domínios e mostrou significância estatística entre as variáveis senescência, traqueostomia, ageusia, anosmia e hiporexia. Conclusão: Idosos infectados com COVID-19 e com necessidade de traqueostomia têm maior chance de disfagia. Além disso, fatores como senescência, traqueostomia, idade e hiporexia podem melhorar a qualidade da deglutição desses pacientes.

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10/08/2022

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CARDOSO, A. M. de S. .; FIGUEIREDO, A. C. G. de; NUNES, M. C. de A. .; STECHMAN NETO, J. .; ARAÚJO, C. M. de; SANTOS, R. S. . A prevalência de disfagia e alterações na qualidade da deglutição em pacientes infectados pela COVID-19. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 10, p. e540111032135, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i10.32135. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/32135. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2024.

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Ciências da Saúde