O uso de anticoagulantes para o tratamento da COVID-19 e sua repercussão na cavidade oral: revisão de literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i9.32195Palavras-chave:
Covid-19; Anticoagulantes; Fatores de risco.Resumo
Fundamentos: A COVID-19 é uma doença inflamatória causada pelo SARS-CoV-2, na qual p paciente pode evoluir para um estado hipercoagulavel, necessitando de terapia antitrombótica. Objetivos: Descrever dados da literatura sobre o uso de anticoagulantes como tratamento para pacientes COVID-19 positivo e sua repercussão na cavidade oral, os antiagregantes plaquetários e anticoagulantes utilizados para auxílio de tratamento do paciente Covid-positivo, os exames e marcadores que auxiliam a escolha da terapia a ser utilizada, assim como observar o tratamento e associar ao risco de hemorragia oral. Metodologia: Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico no período de 2012 a 2021 na base de pesquisa BvSalud. Foram utilizadas as palavras-chaves “Covid”, “anticoagulantes” e “fatores de risco” e seus correspondentes em inglês “Covid”, “anticoagulants e “risk factors”. Resultados: Foram selecionados 128 artigos na BvSalud, após a leitura foram excluídos 68 artigos, restando 60 artigos que atendem os critérios para revisão de literatura. Conclusão: A Covid-19 é uma patologia que age sobre os receptores ECA2, desencadeando uma resposta inflamatória e ativando a cascata de coagulação, exames hematológicos (D-dimero, fibrinogenio, ferritina, tempo de protrombina, interleucina-6 e Proteina-C-reativa) podem ser utilizados para avaliar o estado do paciente. A decisão de iniciar a terapia anticoagulante ou antiagregante deve ocorrer após a avaliação desses marcadores. Tal terapia pode exacerbar sangramentos decorrentes de traumas orais no momento de intubação ou de úlceras preexistentes ou adquiridas após admissão em UTI, a instalação do TET requer cuidados especiais com a higiene oral do paciente, tendo em vista a maior susceptibilidade as infecções secundárias.
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