Purificação biológica de biogás por processo fotossintético utilizando microalgas

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i13.35327

Palavras-chave:

Biocombustível; Biometano; Microalgas; Purificador; Sustentabilidade.

Resumo

A purificação fotossintética usando culturas de microalgas tem surgido como uma tecnologia eficiente para a remoção de gás carbônico do biogás. Nesse método, as microalgas capturam o CO2 via fotossíntese e liberam O2 para o meio de cultura, que é utilizado por bactérias oxidantes de enxofre para a oxidação de H2S em sulfatos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a purificação do biogás por processo fotossintético de microalgas. Para isso, foi desenvolvido um protótipo de purificador em escala piloto. A configuração experimental constou de um sistema de dois estágios, constituído um por fotobiorreator de cultivo de microalgas interligado a uma coluna de absorção. A circulação do líquido foi descendente, retornando para o fotobiorreator pela parte inferior da coluna. O biogás foi injetado na coluna de absorção em regime de contrafluxo ao líquido. As análises foram realizadas com foco nos gases CO2, CH4 e O2, presentes no biogás afluente e efluente à coluna de absorção. No biogás bruto, a concentração de CO2 estava em torno de 32%; o CH4 variou de 63,08% a 64,32 %; e O2 de 0,17% a 0,71%. Após a purificação, o biogás apresentava concentrações de CO2 variando de 9,15% a 18,46%; CH4 de 71,4% a 76,2%; e de O2 entre 1,24% a 3,26%. Eficiências de remoção de CO2 de 42,46% a 72,02% foram registradas no biogás purificado. Os resultados mostraram que o protótipo utilizando o processo biológico com microalgas mostrou-se satisfatório e promissor para a purificação do biogás.

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Publicado

05/10/2022

Como Citar

CASTRO, A. A.; HORN, B. C. .; BECKER, C. M. .; OLIVEIRA, G.; KONRAD, O. Purificação biológica de biogás por processo fotossintético utilizando microalgas. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 13, p. e228111335327, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i13.35327. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/35327. Acesso em: 28 set. 2024.

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Engenharias