Poluição ambiental por microplásticos e suas consequências para a saúde humana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i13.35863Palavras-chave:
Ambiente marinho; Poluição plástica; Impacto ambiental.Resumo
Introdução: Nos últimos anos houve um aumento considerável no uso de produtos plásticos para diferentes fins. Muitos dos plásticos gerados são despejados no meio ambiente de forma inadequada. Logo, é possível encontrar resíduos plásticos em diferentes ecossistemas, sendo o ambiente marinho um dos mais impactados. O objetivo desta revisão é identificar os impactos dos microplásticos no meio ambiente e sua repercussão para a saúde humana. Metodologia: Este trabalho corresponde a uma revisão da literatura do tipo narrativa, utilizando artigos publicados no período de 2017 a 2022. A busca pelos artigos foi realizada nos seguintes bancos de dados: Sciencedirect, Scholar Google e Springer-Verlag, utilizando os descritores: microplásticos, poluição plástica e impacto ambiental. Resultado: Os plásticos descartados no meio ambiente passam por diferentes processos, como estresses ambientais e biológicos sinergicamente os quais possibilitam que esses plásticos sejam divididos em partículas menores que 5 mm chamadas então de microplásticos. O cenário atual de poluição por microplástico está em evidência e vem causando preocupação nos pesquisadores do mundo todo, uma vez que estes poluentes são contaminantes complexos e apresentam efeitos tóxicos significativos. Pesquisas atuais comprovam que a exposição prolongada a essas partículas coloca em risco a sobrevivência da vida marinha e induz danos gravíssimos à saúde humana, uma vez que podem causar danos a célula e ao seu material genético, além de ser possibilitar uma superfície para transporte de microrganismos e outros compostos químicos. Conclusão: Os estudos demonstram que os microplásticos apresentam riscos potenciais ao ambiente marinho e ameaçam à saúde humana sendo necessário ações urgentes para recuperar e evitar impactos ambientais.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Jaqueline dos Santos Silva; Jefferson Renan Pinheiro Rodrigues; Rafael Artur de Queiroz Cavalcanti de Sá; Maria Betânia Melo de Oliveira; Sivoneide Maria da Silva ; Karolayne Silva Souza ; Milena Roberta Freire da Silva; Livia Caroline Alexandre de Araújo; Elisa Santiago Pereira; Antonia Ângela Bezerra; Amanda Vieira de Barros
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