Prevalência de neuropatia somática de pequenas fibras em idosos: uma revisão
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i6.41978Palavras-chave:
Neuropatia de pequenas fibras; Idosos; Neuralgia.Resumo
A neuropatia somática de pequenas fibras (NSPF) é uma doença neuromuscular que afeta os nervos periféricos e leva a alterações estruturais e funcionais envolvendo pequenas fibras mielinizadas (Aδ) e não mielinizadas (C), e cujos mecanismos fisiopatológicos não estão bem elucidados, mas dependem da etiologia subjacente. Devido à falta de estudos sobre esta patologia, é provável que seja subdiagnosticada, o que constitui um problema, uma vez que esta doença em pessoas idosas pode levar a múltiplos efeitos negativos na vida quotidiana devido a dor neuropática, parestesia e disautonomia de vários sistemas. O diagnóstico clínico desta patologia baseia-se nos dados da história clínica e no exame físico, bem como em alguns exames e testes complementares, como o teste quantitativo do reflexo axonal sudomotor (QSART). Além disso, o tratamento da doença ainda é limitado e a maioria das abordagens concentra-se no controle dos sintomas, como a dor neuropática. O presente estudo consiste em uma revisão narrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados Medline, no período de 2010 a 2022, sobre neuropatia de pequenas fibras, idosos e neuralgia, utilizando a terminologia indicada pelo Sistema de Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS), e objetiva destacar a relevância da associação das comorbidades senis e do processo de envelhecimento com a neuropatia somática de pequenas fibras. Assim, estudos futuros que investiguem os mecanismos fisiopatológicos da NSPF são de extrema importância, bem como estudos que visem o desenvolvimento de métodos diagnósticos mais eficazes.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Alan Bessa Aguiar; Isabella Araujo Duarte; Gabriel Romão Mesquita do Nascimento; José de Ribamar Barroso Jucá Neto; André Bessa Aguiar; Micael Porto Portela Lima; Ruan Braga Santiago;. Alexandre Chaves Fernandes; Júlio César Claudino dos Santos
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