Comorbidades neuropsiquiátricas e cognitivas na epilepsia

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i10.43331

Palavras-chave:

Comorbidade; Epilepsia; Neurologia.

Resumo

A crise epiléptica é caracterizada por um episódio momentâneo de sinais e sintomas que são causados por atividade neuronal anormal, excessiva ou sincrônica no cérebro. Por outro lado, a síndrome epiléptica é definida, de acordo com a Liga Internacional contra a Epilepsia (ILAE), por "um grupo de características clínicas e de neuroimagem em achados eletroencefalográficos (EEG), muitas vezes, apoiados por achados etiológicos específicos (estruturais, genéticos, metabólicos, imunológicos e infecciosos)". Dessa forma, os pacientes com epilepsia apresentam múltiplas comorbidades neuropsiquiátricas, sendo os transtornos depressivos os mais comuns, condição que afeta a qualidade de vida e é influenciada por inúmeros fatores externos. O presente estudo objetiva realizar uma revisão da literatura baseada na análise de artigos publicados de 2010 a 2022 nas bases de dados PubMed (Medline) e Science Direct sobre epilepsia, seu comprometimento cognitivo e suas comorbidades neuropsiquiátricas, utilizando a terminologia indicada pelo Sistema de Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) e um conjunto de critérios predeterminados para selecionar os melhores artigos sobre o tema. Portanto, a abordagem das comorbidades psiquiátricas, como os transtornos depressivos e as deficiências cognitivas, na epilepsia é essencial, tendo em vista sua alta prevalência e as repercussões negativas na vida do paciente. Consequentemente, são necessários estudos mais aprofundados para oferecer um melhor prognóstico aos pacientes com epilepsia e avaliar os efeitos colaterais e as repercussões clínicas dos medicamentos antiepilépticos (AEDs).

Referências

Abraham, N., Buvanaswari, P., Rathakrishnan, R., Tran, B. X., Thu, G. V., Nguyen, L. H., Ho, C. S., & Ho, R. C. (2019). A Meta-Analysis of the Rates of Suicide Ideation, Attempts and Deaths in People with Epilepsy. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(8), 1451. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16081451

Alfaro, A., Asensio, M., García-Escrivá, A., Medrano, V., Salom, J. M., Tortosa, D., Palao, S., Lezcano, M., Berenguer, L., Navarro, M., Cerdán, M., Buendía, J. F., & Giner, J. C. (2019). LAM study: Effects of lacosamide on behaviour and quality of life in patients with epilepsy. Estudio LAM: conducta y calidad de vida en pacientes diagnosticados de epilepsia tratados con lacosamida. Neurologia, 34(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrl.2016.10.007

Allone, C., Lo Buono, V., Corallo, F., Pisani, L. R., Pollicino, P., Bramanti, P., & Marino, S. (2017). Neuroimaging and cognitive functions in temporal lobe epilepsy: A review of the literature. Journal of the neurological sciences, 381, 7–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.007

Bailey, K., & Im-Bolter, N. (2021). Language in childhood epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epilepsy & behavior : E&B, 114(Pt A), 107621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107621

Baxendale, S., & Thompson, P. (2016). Reprint of: The new approach to epilepsy classification: Cognition and behavior in adult epilepsy syndromes. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 64(Pt B), 318–321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.11.025

Berg A. T. (2011). Epilepsy, cognition, and behavior: The clinical picture. Epilepsia, 52 Suppl 1(Suppl 1), 7–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02905.x

Clancy, M. J., Clarke, M. C., Connor, D. J., Cannon, M., & Cotter, D. R. (2014). The prevalence of psychosis in epilepsy; a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC psychiatry, 14, 75. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-14-75

Devinsky, O., Vezzani, A., O'Brien, T. J., Jette, N., Scheffer, I. E., de Curtis, M., & Perucca, P. (2018). Epilepsy. Nature reviews. Disease primers, 4, 18024. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2018.24

Falco-Walter J. (2020). Epilepsy-Definition, Classification, Pathophysiology, and Epidemiology. Seminars in neurology, 40(6), 617–623. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1718719

Gonçalves, E. B., de Oliveira Cardoso, T. A. M., Yasuda, C. L., & Cendes, F. (2018). Depressive disorders in patients with pharmaco-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. The Journal of international medical research, 46(2), 752–760. https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060517717825

Gulati, S., Yoganathan, S., & Chakrabarty, B. (2014). Epilepsy, cognition and behavior. Indian journal of pediatrics, 81(10), 1056–1062. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-014-1530-4

Haile, K., Awoke, T., Ayano, G., Ayano, G., Tareke, M., Abate, A., & Nega, M. (2018). Suicide ideation and attempts among people with epilepsy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Annals of general psychiatry, 17, 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-018-0174-6

Helmstaedter, C., & Witt, J. A. (2013). The longer-term cognitive effects of adjunctive antiepileptic treatment with lacosamide in comparison with lamotrigine and topiramate in a naturalistic outpatient setting. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 26(2), 182–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.11.052

Helmstaedter, C., & Witt, J. A. (2017). Epilepsy and cognition - A bidirectional relationship? Seizure, 49, 83–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2017.02.017

IJff, D. M., Postulart, D., Lambrechts, D. A. J. E., Majoie, M. H. J. M., de Kinderen, R. J. A., Hendriksen, J. G. M., Evers, S. M. A. A., & Aldenkamp, A. P. (2016). Cognitive and behavioral impact of the ketogenic diet in children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy: A randomized controlled trial. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 60, 153–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.04.033

IJff, D. M., van Veenendaal, T. M., Majoie, H. J., de Louw, A. J., Jansen, J. F., & Aldenkamp, A. P. (2015). Cognitive effects of lacosamide as adjunctive therapy in refractory epilepsy. Acta neurologica Scandinavica, 131(6), 347–354. https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.12372

Jiang, L. W., Qian, R. B., Fu, X. M., Zhang, D., Peng, N., Niu, C. S., & Wang, Y. H. (2018). Altered attention networks and DMN in refractory epilepsy: A resting-state functional and causal connectivity study. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 88, 81–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.06.045

Karami, A., Khodarahimi, S., & Mazaheri, M. (2019). Cognitive and perceptual functions in patients with occipital lobe epilepsy, patients with migraine, and healthy controls. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 97, 265–268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.04.005

Laxer, K. D., Trinka, E., Hirsch, L. J., Cendes, F., Langfitt, J., Delanty, N., Resnick, T., & Benbadis, S. R. (2014). The consequences of refractory epilepsy and its treatment. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 37, 59–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.05.031

Li, K. Y., Huang, L. C., Chang, Y. P., & Yang, Y. H. (2020). The effects of lacosamide on cognitive function and psychiatric profiles in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 113, 107580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107580

Li, Y., Sun, Y., Zhang, T., Shi, Q., Sun, J., Xiang, J., Chen, Q., Hu, Z., & Wang, X. (2020). The relationship between epilepsy and cognitive function in benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. Brain and behavior, 10(12), e01854. https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.1854

Liguori, C., Izzi, F., Manfredi, N., Mercuri, N. B., & Placidi, F. (2018). Lacosamide may improve cognition in patients with focal epilepsy: EpiTrack to compare cognitive side effects of lacosamide and carbamazepine. Epilepsy & behavior case reports, 10, 35–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebcr.2018.02.004

Liguori, C., Toledo, M., & Kothare, S. (2021). Effects of anti-seizure medications on sleep architecture and daytime sleepiness in patients with epilepsy: A literature review. Sleep medicine reviews, 60, 101559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101559

MacAllister, W. S., Vasserman, M., Rosenthal, J., & Sherman, E. (2014). Attention and executive functions in children with epilepsy: what, why, and what to do. Applied neuropsychology. Child, 3(3), 215–225. https://doi.org/10.1080/21622965.2013.839605

Mesraoua, B., Deleu, D., Hassan, A. H., Gayane, M., Lubna, A., Ali, M. A., Tomson, T., Khalil, B. A., Cross, J. H., & Asadi-Pooya, A. A. (2020). Dramatic outcomes in epilepsy: depression, suicide, injuries, and mortality. Current medical research and opinion, 36(9), 1473–1480. https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2020.1776234

Mirabel, H., Guinet, V., Voltzenlogel, V., Pradier, S., & Hennion, S. (2020). Social cognition in epilepsy: State of the art and perspectives. Revue neurologique, 176(6), 468–479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2020.02.010

Moseley, B. D., Cole, D., Iwuora, O., Strawn, J. R., & Privitera, M. (2015). The effects of lacosamide on depression and anxiety in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy research, 110, 115–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.12.007

Mula, M., & Sander, J. W. (2015). Suicide and epilepsy: do antiepileptic drugs increase the risk? Expert opinion on drug safety, 14(4), 553–558. https://doi.org/10.1517/14740338.2015.1010506

Mula, M., & Schmitz, B. (2009). Depression in epilepsy: mechanisms and therapeutic approach. Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders, 2(5), 337–344. https://doi.org/10.1177/1756285609337340

Nevitt, S. J., Sudell, M., Cividini, S., Marson, A. G., & Tudur Smith, C. (2022). Antiepileptic drug monotherapy for epilepsy: a network meta-analysis of individual participant data. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 4(4), CD011412. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD011412.pub4

Niu, K., Li, Y., Zhang, T., Sun, J., Sun, Y., Shu, M., Wang, P., Zhang, K., Chen, Q., & Wang, X. (2021). Impact of Antiepileptic Drugs on Cognition and Neuromagnetic Activity in Childhood Epilepsy With Centrotemporal Spikes: A Magnetoencephalography Study. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 15, 720596. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.720596

Rocamora, R., Ley, M., Molins, A., Toledo, M., Sansa, G., Bertol, V., Becerra, J. L., Carreño, M., & Mauri, J. Á. (2018). Effect of lacosamide on depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with focal refractory epilepsy: A prospective multicenter study. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 79, 87–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.10.032

Schraegle, W. A., & Titus, J. B. (2016). Executive function and health-related quality of life in pediatric epilepsy. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 62, 20–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.06.006

Sherman, E. M., Brooks, B. L., Fay-McClymont, T. B., & MacAllister, W. S. (2012). Detecting epilepsy-related cognitive problems in clinically referred children with epilepsy: is the WISC-IV a useful tool? Epilepsia, 53(6), 1060–1066. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03493.x

Subramaniam, S. R., Khoo, C. S., Raymond, A. A., Che Din, N., Syed Zakaria, S. Z., & Tan, H. J. (2020). Prevalence and factors of verbal learning and memory dysfunction in patients with epilepsy - A single centre study. Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia, 73, 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2020.02.003

Suleymanova E. M. (2021). Behavioral comorbidities of epilepsy and neuroinflammation: Evidence from experimental and clinical studies. Epilepsy & behavior : E&B, 117, 107869. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.107869

Tedrus, G. M. A. S., Passos, M. L. G. A., Vargas, L. M., & Menezes, L. E. F. J. (2020). Cognition and epilepsy: Cognitive screening test. Dementia & neuropsychologia, 14(2), 186–193. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642020dn14-020013

Terra, V. C., de Paola, L., & Silvado, C. E. (2014). Are children affected by epileptic neuropsychiatric comorbidities? Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 38, 8–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.10.003

Ueda, R., Kaga, Y., Kita, Y., Tanaka, M., Iwasaki, M., Takeshita, E., Shimizu-Motohashi, Y., Ishiyama, A., Saito, T., Nakagawa, E., Sugai, K., Sasaki, M., Okada, T., & Inagaki, M. (2021). Postoperative improvement of executive function and adaptive behavior in children with intractable epilepsy. Brain & development, 43(2), 280–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.braindev.2020.08.005

Wandschneider, B., Burdett, J., Townsend, L., Hill, A., Thompson, P. J., Duncan, J. S., & Koepp, M. J. (2017). Effect of topiramate and zonisamide on fMRI cognitive networks. Neurology, 88(12), 1165–1171. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000003736

Wandschneider, B., Stretton, J., Sidhu, M., Centeno, M., Kozák, L. R., Symms, M., Thompson, P. J., Duncan, J. S., & Koepp, M. J. (2014). Levetiracetam reduces abnormal network activations in temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology, 83(17), 1508–1512. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000910

Wirrell, E., Tinuper, P., Perucca, E., & Moshé, S. L. (2022). Introduction to the epilepsy syndrome papers. Epilepsia, 63(6), 1330–1332. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.17262

Witt, J. A., & Helmstaedter, C. (2022). The impact of perampanel on cognition: A systematic review of studies employing standardized tests in patients with epilepsy. Seizure, 94, 107–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2021.12.001

Xiao, F., Caciagli, L., Wandschneider, B., Sander, J. W., Sidhu, M., Winston, G., Burdett, J., Trimmel, K., Hill, A., Vollmar, C., Vos, S. B., Ourselin, S., Thompson, P. J., Zhou, D., Duncan, J. S., & Koepp, M. J. (2018). Effects of carbamazepine and lamotrigine on functional magnetic resonance imaging cognitive networks. Epilepsia, 59(7), 1362–1371. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.14448

Ye, K., Foster, E., Johnstone, B., Carney, P., Velakoulis, D., O'Brien, T. J., Malpas, C. B., & Kwan, P. (2020). Factors associated with subjective cognitive function in epilepsy and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Epilepsy research, 163, 106342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106342

Yogarajah, M., & Mula, M. (2019). Social cognition, psychiatric comorbidities, and quality of life in adults with epilepsy. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 100(Pt B), 106321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.05.017

Downloads

Publicado

04/10/2023

Como Citar

AGUIAR, A. B. .; AGUIAR, A. B. .; ALBUQUERQUE FILHO, L. B. de .; RAMANZINI, L. G. .; SILVA, J. G. M. da .; LIMA, M. P. P. .; RIBAS, M. Z. .; PATICCIÉ, G. F. .; NOLETO, F. M. .; SANTOS, J. C. C. dos . Comorbidades neuropsiquiátricas e cognitivas na epilepsia. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 10, p. e33121043331, 2023. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v12i10.43331. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/43331. Acesso em: 31 out. 2024.

Edição

Seção

Ciências da Saúde