Uso de sildenafil para tratamento de hipertensão pulmonar persistente neonatal

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i1.44910

Palavras-chave:

Hipertensão pulmonar persistente do recém-nascido; Citrato de sildenafila; Unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal.

Resumo

Introdução: A hipertensão pulmonar persistente do recém-nascido é uma patologia respiratória e vascular neonatal com alto índice de mortalidade, além disso, sua prevalênica é de 1 a 2 por 1000 nascidos vivos, sendo 8%-10% das mortes neonatais. A abordagem terapêutica envolve suporte de recrutamento pulmonar e vasodilatação farmacológica, em destaque existe o sildenafil. Metodologia: O estudo é uma revisão narrativa da literatura que foi realizada a partir da base de dados PUBMED utilizando as palavras chaves de “Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn” e “Sildenafil”, com o filtro de tempo nos últimos 30 anos (1994-2023). Discussão: Fisiologicamente, durante a vida fetal, os pulmões permanecem preenchidos de fluidos, porém imediatamente após o nascimento, a resistência vascular pulmonar diminui drasticamente, permitindo que a tensão alveolar de oxigênio e a ventilação seja possível. Entretanto, na patogênese da hipertensão pulmonar persistente neonatal ocorre aumento da resistência vascular pulmonar e remodelamento da estrutura vascular após o nascimento, os quais potencializam essa vasoconstricação exagerada, dessa forma o exame padrão de investigação da patologia é a ecocardiografia.  O sildenafil é um fármaco utilizado para tratar hipertensão pulmonar persistente neonatal, uma vez que potencializa melhor fluxo sanguíneo e melhor entrega de oxigênio aos tecidos, por meio de sua fisiofarmacologia direcionada na vasodilatação secundária a inibição da fosfodiesterase-5. Conclusão: A hipertensão pulmonar persistente neonatal ainda configura uma das principais patologias neonatais com elevada morbidade e mortalidade na população neonatal, devido à complexidade de apresentações e à variação de respostas terapêuticas à farmacoterapia.

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Publicado

31/01/2024

Como Citar

JUCÁ NETO, J. de R. B. .; MAPURUNGA, Ângela R. .; BELCHIOR, A. G. .; COSTA, F. R. .; BOSCOV, V. T. . Uso de sildenafil para tratamento de hipertensão pulmonar persistente neonatal. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 13, n. 1, p. e14713144910, 2024. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v13i1.44910. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/44910. Acesso em: 22 dez. 2024.

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