Terapias-alvo no tratamento do glioblastoma em adultos: Uma revisão de escopo

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i4.45474

Palavras-chave:

Astrocitoma grau IV; Glioblastoma; Glioblastoma multiforme; Glioblastoma de células gigantes; Terapia-alvo; Terapia molecular dirigida.

Resumo

Dentro do espectro das neoplasias primárias do sistema nervoso central, o glioblastoma é o subtipo mais prevalente, agressivo e letal, apesar das intervenções terapêuticas. Nesse cenário, a terapia-alvo, ao desenvolver medicamentos direcionados a moléculas específicas do processo carcinogênico, surge como uma opção verdadeiramente revolucionária. Portanto, esta revisão tem como objetivo mapear na literatura as terapias-alvo que são ou podem ser usadas no tratamento do glioblastoma em adultos visando a regressão do câncer. Este é um estudo metodológico de revisão de escopo. As bases de dados utilizadas foram: BVS, Pubmed, Embase, Scopus e BDTD. No total, foram identificados 637 estudos, dos quais 31 foram selecionados conforme critérios de inclusão; além disso, 4 artigos foram incluídos manualmente. Mediante a leitura, alguns fármacos, como o apatinibe, osimertinibe e cetuximabe, mostraram-se efetivos nos estudos realizados, contudo, carecem de aplicações em ensaios clínicos maiores para embasar sua incorporação nos esquemas de terapia padrão. O bevacizumabe já é consolidado no tratamento de glioblastoma recorrente e/ou terapia de segunda ou terceira linhas. Por fim, concluiu-se que embora o tratamento e prognóstico do paciente com glioblastoma ainda permaneça obscuro atualmente, acredita-se e tem-se esperança de que em um futuro promissor a terapia molecular direcionada servirá como aliada no tratamento curativo para esse câncer, visto que já há evidências de alguns melhorarem a qualidade de vida com alívio de sintomas, aumentarem o tempo livre de progressão da doença e/ou a sobrevida do paciente ainda que por determinado tempo.

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10/04/2024

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RAMOS, R. N. A. .; MATSUDA, T. Y. L. .; CZEPULA, A. . Terapias-alvo no tratamento do glioblastoma em adultos: Uma revisão de escopo. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 13, n. 4, p. e2113445474, 2024. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v13i4.45474. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/45474. Acesso em: 22 nov. 2024.

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