Uma revisão das definições de “esforço” nos artigos publicados no Journal of the Experimental Behavior Analysis (JEAB) e Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis (JABA)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i5.45975Palavras-chave:
Esforço físico; Comportamento; Revisão sistemática.Resumo
Por meio de uma revisão da literatura, este trabalho mapeou as concepções analítico comportamentais de “esforço” apresentadas nos dois primeiros periódicos especializados em análise do comportamento: JEAB e JABA. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar, organizar e apresentar diferentes conceituações da definição de esforço nas publicações analítico-comportamentais, bem como categorizar as manipulações experimentais utilizadas para investigar essa variável em estudos publicados no JEAB e no JABA. Foram selecionados artigos que delimitavam “esforço” como uma das variáveis experimentais. Foram encontradas quatro categorias de definições de “esforço”: (1) esforço como exigências do esquema de reforço; (2) esforço como exigência física requerida para cada resposta; (3) esforço como requisitos de distância ou altura; (4) esforço como complexidade geral da tarefa. Observou-se maior preponderância de manipulações da Categoria 2 nos artigos do JEAB, e da Categoria 3 no JABA. A despeito da variedade nas definições de esforço, observa-se que (a) é um conceito que descreve uma característica intrínseca da resposta se considerarmos que qualquer ação exige algum nível de esforço e que (b) sua definição varia de acordo com o arranjo de contingências no qual o organismo se comporta.
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