Autismo no DSM-5-TR, o que mudou?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i9.46866Palavras-chave:
Autismo; Classificação; DSM; Diagnóstico; Espectro autista.Resumo
A nosologia do Transtorno do Espectro Autista - TEA é historicamente muito recente, tendo sua primeira aparição como uma categoria própria em 1980, sendo antes tido como um tipo de esquizofrenia na infância. O autismo é hoje compreendido como uma condição do neurodesenvolvimento cuja característica mais marcante é um déficit persistente nas capacidades de comunicação e interação social, prevalecendo em 1 a cada 36 crianças, de acordo com o CDC. A definição e os critérios mais aceitos do transtorno repousam nos principais manuais, nomeadamente o Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais (DSM) e o Código Internacional de Doenças (CID), que buscam se adequar às novas atualizações científicas e socioculturais, com o intuito de tornar os modelos diagnósticos mais claros e confiáveis. Em 2022 foi publicada a revisão da quinta edição do DSM (DSM-5-TR), que engendrou algumas mudanças no que diz respeito tanto ao critério, quanto ao texto da condição para o TEA. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do presente artigo é apresentar um estudo das alterações trazidas pelo DSM-5-TR na categoria do TEA, bem como discutir os contextos e motivos por trás dessas mudanças.
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