Uso de probióticos em pacientes com doença de Parkinson: a importância do eixo intestino-cérebro e dietoterapia – uma revisão de literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i9.7259Palavras-chave:
Doença de Parkinson; Probióticos; Microbiota; Neuroimunomodulação; Dietoterapia.Resumo
A Doença de Parkinson (DP) é a segunda doença degenerativa mais comum do sistema nervoso central afetando entre 1 a 2 pessoas em cada 1.000 e a sua prevalência aumenta com a idade afetando cerca de 1% da população acima de 60 anos. Estudos na comunicação bidirecional entre o cérebro e o intestino vem mostrando que alterações na microbiota intestinal podem potencialmente desempenhar um papel importante na DP e tendo relatado sintomas gastrointestinais (constipação, disfagia, distúrbios de hipersalivação e deglutição). Evidências atuais sugerem que a saúde e a composição do microbioma intestinal se deve ao efeito da dieta e ao uso de probióticos. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a utilização dos probióticos e a terapia nutricional da DP. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada usando o critério PICoT para extrair evidências de estudos relevantes de artigos publicados no PubMed, ScienceDirect e MEDLINE, selecionando apenas artigos com estudos clínicos randomizado e revisões. Mesmo com um número limitado de estudos de qualidade em seres humanos, encontramos pesquisas que ressaltaram a importância do uso de probióticos e da dieta em pacientes com DP, por trazer benefícios da motilidade gastrointestinal, contribuir para a simbiose do TGI e melhora na consistência das fezes. Conclui-se que o uso de probióticos mostra como um bom método de intervenção para pacientes com DP. Pesquisas futuras devem se concentrar no eixo da intestino-cérebro e investigar como as populações microbianas exercem efeitos patogenéticos, bem como a sua interação com dietas e medicamentos.
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