Asociación entre gestantes con SARS-CoV-2 y el riesgo de parto prematuro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i9.31887Palabras clave:
Trabajo de parto prematuro; Coronavirus; Neonatología.Resumen
Objetivo: Investigar en la literatura la existencia de evidencia científica que asocie a las gestantes con SARS-CoV-2 al trabajo de parto prematuro. Método: Se trata de una revisión integradora realizada en las siguientes bases de datos: BVS, SciELO, MEDLINE/PubMed y Cochrane. Se incluyeron 18 artículos. Resultados: Las comorbilidades maternas más frecuentes fueron la hipertensión arterial y la diabetes. Hubo menciones de restricción del crecimiento intrauterino y nacimiento de recién nacidos de bajo peso al nacer. El tipo de parto más común fue la cesárea y la ocurrencia de partos prematuros fue descrita en todos los estudios. En el 77,7% de los estudios, los recién nacidos dieron positivo por COVID-19. Conclusión: El empeoramiento del estado materno puede indicar un factor de riesgo para parto prematuro. Se ha informado la infección neonatal por SARS-CoV-2, pero existen lagunas sobre el mecanismo de transmisión vertical y los impactos para los recién nacidos prematuros. La tasa de prematuridad en mujeres embarazadas infectadas con COVID-19 es mayor que en mujeres embarazadas sanas.
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