El extracto hidroalcohólico de hojas de mora mejoró la tolerancia a la glucosa, la composición corporal y atenuó los síntomas de depresión en ratas ovariectomizadas.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i2.39334Palabras clave:
Composición corporal; Menopausia; Morus nigra; Tolerancia a la glucosa; Depresión; Ansiedad.Resumen
Pocos estudios han investigado los efectos de las hojas de mora (Morus nigra) sobre los trastornos metabólicos y conductuales asociados con la menopausia. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar los efectos del extracto hidroalcohólico de hojas de M. nigra (EA) sobre la composición corporal, la tolerancia a la glucosa y los comportamientos depresivos y ansiosos en ratas hembra ovariectomizadas. Para ello, 36 ratas Wistar hembras fueron divididas en grupos: C – control; COvx – ovariectomizados; EAOvx – ovariectomizados y suplementados con EA (400 mg.kg-1 de masa corporal/día). La composición corporal se evaluó mediante DEXA, la tolerancia a la glucosa mediante la prueba oral de tolerancia a la glucosa y las conductas de depresión y ansiedad mediante las pruebas de natación forzada y laberinto en cruz elevado, respectivamente. La ingesta de alimentos y la ganancia de masa corporal fueron mayores para EAOvx, seguida de COvx y finalmente C (p<0,05). El grupo EAOvx ganó menos grasa corporal que COvx (p<0,05) y fue más tolerante a la glucosa en comparación con C y COvx (p<0,05). En el laberinto en cruz elevado, COvx y EAOvx permanecieron menos tiempo en los brazos abiertos y más tiempo en los brazos cerrados que C (p<0,05). En natación forzada, la inmovilidad fue mayor para COvx, seguida de C y EAOvx (p<0,05). EA protegió a las ratas ovariectomizadas del aumento de grasa corporal, restableció la tolerancia a la glucosa y atenuó el comportamiento similar a la depresión. Los fitoestrógenos y otros compuestos bioactivos en EA pueden estar involucrados en estos efectos.
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